设计了一台探测大气温度和气溶胶的瑞利-米散射激光雷达。对不同参数的大气后向散射回波信号信噪比 进行了数值仿真计算,讨论了激光脉冲能量、发射的激光脉冲数、望远镜口径、空间分辨距离以及窄带 干涉滤光片的带宽和透过率对激光雷达回波信号信噪比的影响。根据仿真结果,设计的激光雷达在白天 时,气溶胶的米散射信号采用1 nm带宽的干涉滤光片时探测高度最高,达到了10.6 km;中层大气温度 的瑞利散射信号采用0.2 nm带宽的干涉滤光片时探测高度最高,达到了47.1 km。

A Rayleigh-Mie lidar used for detecting atmosphere temperature and aerosol is designed. The signal-to-noise ratio of the atmospheric backscattering signal was simulated numerically. Effects of the laser pulse energy, number of laser pulses, telescope aperture, resolution of the spatial distance, and narrow-band interference filter bandwidth and transmittance on the lidar signal-to-noise ratio were discussed. According to the simulation results, when the lidar runs during the daytime, the maximum detection height of aerosol is up to 10.6 km with the Mie scattering signal using a interference filter bandwidth of 1 nm. The maximum detection height of middle atmospheric temperature is up to 47.1 km with the Rayleigh scattering signal using a interference filter bandwidth of 0.2 nm.