氮素是植被进行生命活动的必需元素, 它在蛋白质、 核酸、 叶绿素和酶等物质的生物合成中起重要作用, 并在植被的光合作用中起到关键作用。 植被氮素浓度高光谱遥感反演技术是自20世纪70年代以来的研究热点。 近年来随着高光谱遥感技术的发展, 可将光谱波段在某一光谱区域进行细分的优势, 为与植被氮素相关的光谱特性研究提供了有力的技术手段。 结合近几年主要地理科学文献上发表的植被氮素浓度高光谱遥感监测的最新研究成果, 介绍了植被氮素浓度高光谱遥感监测的原理及相关问题。 从植被氮光谱指数、 叶绿素指数的植被氮含量反演、 回归模型和反演植被氮浓度影响因素的消除方面, 详细介绍了植被氮素浓度高光谱遥感反演这四个方面的主要技术方法, 总结分析了研究结论, 并讨论了研究发展趋势。

Nitrogen is the necessary element in life activity of vegetation, which takes important function in biosynthesis of protein, nucleic acid, chlorophyll, and enzyme etc, and plays a key role in vegetation photosynthesis. The technology about inversion of vegetation nitrogen concentration by hyperspectral remote sensing has been the research hotspot since the 70s of last century. With the development of hyperspectral remote sensing technology in recent years, the advantage of spectral bands subdivision in a certain spectral region provides the powerful technology measure for correlative spectral characteristic research on vegetation nitrogen. In the present paper, combined with the newest research production about monitoring vegetation nitrogen concentration by hyperspectral remote sensing published in main geography science literature in recent several years, the principle and correlated problem about monitoring vegetation nitrogen concentration by hyperspectral remote sensing were introduced. From four aspects including vegetation nitrogen spectral index, vegetation nitrogen content inversion based on chlorophyll index, regression model, and eliminating influence factors to inversion of vegetation nitrogen concentration, main technology methods about inversion of vegetation nitrogen concentration by hyperspectral remote sensing were detailedly introduced. Correlative research conclusions were summarized and analyzed, and research development trend was discussed.