通过对天然高分子材料木材进行化学镀的方法制成的木质电磁屏蔽材料既可以保留木材的一些优良特性,又能有效改善木材导电、导热和电磁屏蔽性,不仅为木材的增值利用开辟了新道路,还为电磁屏蔽材料的加工利用拓宽了领域.本研究利用近红外光谱结合主成分分析法对化学镀铜处理前后样品进行了分析研究,旨在探讨利用近红外光谱技术研究该材料表面特性的可行性.结果表明:(1)化学镀铜前后样品表面的近红外光谱在形状和吸收强度上存在显著差异,而不同镀铜时间的样品之间也存在差异,尤其是反应未充分的样品.(2)经过主成分分析后,镀铜前后样品沿PC1轴、PC2轴大致分成了6类,其中未处理样品、活化处理样品性质较接近,镀铜时间25和40 min样品因反应充分,性质也比较类似,说明近红外光谱中包含反映材料处理前后的重要特征信息.(3)比较近红外区域和可见光区域光谱的主成分分析效果,发现近红外光谱区比可见光光谱区对镀铜处理前后样品的分类效果好,可见光光谱在突出样品的表面颜色特征信息方面表现更好,这说明两者结合运用更有利于样品表面特征信息的表征。

Wood electromagnetic shielding material,which was made by treating wood with electroless plating,not only keep the superior characteristics of wood,but also improve the conductivity,thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding properties of wood.The emergence of this material opens the way to the value-added exploitation of wood and widens the processing and application field for the electromagnetic shielding material.In order to explore the feasibility of using NIR technology to investigate the properties of wood electromagnetic shielding material,this study analysis the samples before and after copper plated process by the NIR spectroscopy coupled with principal component analysis(PCA).The results showed that(1) there exist significant differences between samples before and after copper plated process both on the spectral shape and absorption,and the great differences can also be seen in the samples with different treat time,especially for the samples with 5 min treat time;(2) after PCA analysis,six clusters from the samples before and after copper plated process were separately distributed in the score plot,and the properties of untreated wood and sensitized wood were similar,and the properties of samples for 25 and 40 min treat time were also similar in order that these samples were close to each other,all of which might suggest that the NIR spectroscopy reflected major feature information about material treatment;(3) After comparing the PCA performance between NIR and visible spectral region,it could be found that the classification performance of samples before and after copper plated process based on the NIR region were better than that based on the visible region,and the information of color on the surface of samples were preferably reflected in the visible region,which could indicate that there are more information about samples’ surface characters using the visible spectroscopy coupled with NIR spectroscopy and it is feasible to use visible-NIR technology to investigate the surface characteristics of natural polymers treated with electroless copper plating.