质心定位精度不仅是影响星载激光测高仪姿态精度的关键因素之一，也是探测卫星平台颤振的一种新型技术手段。针对地球科学激光测高仪系统（GLAS）卫星平台激光光斑数据存在噪声信息、空间分辨率较低、最大能量值不唯一等影响质心定位精度的问题，研究了星载激光光斑空间分辨率提高在卫星平台颤振探测中的可行性。首先，提出一种非光斑下的暗通道模板去噪方法，对长时序激光光斑进行去噪处理；其次，协同反卷积与超分辨率重建方法在改善激光光斑的“拖尾”现象的同时提高其空间分辨率；最后，提出一种质心跟踪的灰度加权亚像素质心方法，对长时序激光光斑进行跟踪定位，以实现对卫星平台颤振的初步探测。实验结果表明，本文质心定位方法的残差拟合精度相较于灰度加权法平均约提高0.08 pixel、相较于高斯曲面拟合法平均约提高0.08 pixel、相较于椭圆拟合法平均约提高0.1 pixel，并初步探测到GLAS卫星平台存在周期约为94 min的姿态变化规律。

The centroid positioning accuracy is not only one of the key factors that affect the attitude accuracy of the spaceborne laser altimeter， but also a new type of technical means for satellite platform jitter detection. Aiming at the problems that the laser spot data of geo-science laser altimeter system（GLAS） satellite platform has noise， low spatial resolution， multiple maximum energy values， etc.， which affect the centroid positioning accuracy， the feasibility of improving the spatial resolution of spaceborne laser spots in satellite platform jitter detection is mainly studied in this paper. First， a non-spot dark channel template denoising method is proposed to denoise long-sequence laser spots. Second， the collaborative deconvolution and super-resolution reconstruction methods are used to improve the “tailing” phenomenon of laser spots while increasing its spatial resolution. Finally， a gray-weighted sub-pixel centroid method for centroid tracking is proposed to track and locate the long-time laser spot to achieve the preliminary detection of the satellite platform flutter. Experimental results show that the proposed residual fitting accuracy of centroid positioning method is about 0.08 pixel higher than gray-weighted method， 0.08 pixel higher than Gaussian surface fitting method， and 0.1 pixel higher than ellipse fitting method. It is preliminarily detected that there is a 94 min attitude change rule of glas satellite platform.