Modeling of dynamic process in the laser-off period during laser drilling

Tingzhong Zhang; Xiaowu Ni; Jian Lu

doi:doi:10.3788/COL201513.081403

Chinese Optics Letters, 2015, 13 (8): 081403, Published Online: Sep. 14, 2018

Modeling of dynamic process in the laser-off period during laser drilling Download： 703次

Tingzhong Zhang ^*Xiaowu Ni Jian Lu ^**

Author Affiliations

School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1. Scheme of numerical model.

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Fig. 2. (a) Numerical and (b) experimental comparisons of the keyhole shape with a laser energy of 4.86 J. The white bar represents 0.5 mm.

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Fig. 3. Image sequences of the keyhole fabricated by a single laser pulse with a laser energy of 4.86 J in both the laser-on and -off periods. The white bar represents 1 mm.

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Fig. 4. Temperature distributions of the keyhole fabricated by a single laser pulse with a laser energy of 4.86 J in both the laser-on and -off periods. The white bar represents 1 mm.

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Fig. 5. Velocity distributions of the keyhole fabricated by a single laser pulse with a laser energy of 4.86 J in both the laser-on and -off periods. The white bar represents 1 mm.

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Table1. Properties of Aluminum and Constants in Simulation.[22,23]

Nomenclature (unit)	Symbol	Value
Melting/evaporation temperature (K)	$T_{m} / T_{v}$	933/793
Solid/liquid density ( $kg / m^{3}$ )	$ρ_{s} / ρ_{l}$	2702/2385
Solid/liquid specific heat (J/m/K)	$c_{s} / c_{l}$	917/1080
Solid/liquid conductivity (W/m/K)	$k_{s} / k_{l}$	237/100
Latent heat of fusion/evaporation (J/kg)	$L_{m} / L_{v}$	$3.6 \times 10^{5} / 1.09 \times 10^{7}$
Temperature coefficient of surface tension (N/m/K)	$\frac{\partial σ}{\partial T}$	$- 0.3 \times 10^{- 3}$
Dynamic viscosity (Pa s)	$μ$	$1.6 \times 10^{- 3}$
Convective heat transfer coefficient ( $W / m^{2} / K$ )	$h_{c}$	20
Radiation emissivity ( $W / m^{2} / K^{4}$ )	$ε$	0.2
Absorption coefficient	$η$	0.26
Stefan–Boltzmann constant ( $W / m^{2} / K^{4}$ )	$σ_{s}$	$5.67 \times 10^{8}$
Focal radius (μm)/Pulse width (μs)	$r_{0} / τ$	300/1000

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Table2. Numerical and Experimental Data for Both Keyhole Depth and Width.

Energy (J)	Depth^a (mm)	Depth^b (mm)	Diameter^a (mm)	Diameter^b (mm)
1.22	0.894	0.902	0.518	0.523
2.07	1.322	1.313	0.752	0.741
3.13	1.448	1.420	0.824	0.817
4.86	1.523	1.510	0.872	0.870
6.31	2.070	2.109	0.863	0.875
8.01	2.745	2.693	0.901	0.920
10.20	3.120	3.131	0.943	0.958
13.27	3.439	3.357	1.052	1.046

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Tingzhong Zhang, Xiaowu Ni, Jian Lu. Modeling of dynamic process in the laser-off period during laser drilling[J]. Chinese Optics Letters, 2015, 13(8): 081403.

Modeling of dynamic process in the laser-off period during laser drilling Download： 703次

Fig. 1. Scheme of numerical model.

Fig. 2. (a) Numerical and (b) experimental comparisons of the keyhole shape with a laser energy of 4.86 J. The white bar represents 0.5 mm.

Fig. 3. Image sequences of the keyhole fabricated by a single laser pulse with a laser energy of 4.86 J in both the laser-on and -off periods. The white bar represents 1 mm.

Fig. 4. Temperature distributions of the keyhole fabricated by a single laser pulse with a laser energy of 4.86 J in both the laser-on and -off periods. The white bar represents 1 mm.

Fig. 5. Velocity distributions of the keyhole fabricated by a single laser pulse with a laser energy of 4.86 J in both the laser-on and -off periods. The white bar represents 1 mm.

Table1. Properties of Aluminum and Constants in Simulation.[22,23]

Table2. Numerical and Experimental Data for Both Keyhole Depth and Width.

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Modeling of dynamic process in the laser-off period during laser drilling Download： 703次

Fig. 1. Scheme of numerical model.

Fig. 2. (a) Numerical and (b) experimental comparisons of the keyhole shape with a laser energy of 4.86 J. The white bar represents 0.5 mm.

Fig. 3. Image sequences of the keyhole fabricated by a single laser pulse with a laser energy of 4.86 J in both the laser-on and -off periods. The white bar represents 1 mm.

Fig. 4. Temperature distributions of the keyhole fabricated by a single laser pulse with a laser energy of 4.86 J in both the laser-on and -off periods. The white bar represents 1 mm.

Fig. 5. Velocity distributions of the keyhole fabricated by a single laser pulse with a laser energy of 4.86 J in both the laser-on and -off periods. The white bar represents 1 mm.

Table1. Properties of Aluminum and Constants in Simulation.[22,23]

Table2. Numerical and Experimental Data for Both Keyhole Depth and Width.

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