远距离成像汽车平视显示光路结构设计

针对汽车AR-HUD显示虚像视距更远、虚像视场角更大的需求, 采用自由曲面离轴反射光路结构, 设计了一种焦距为-309 mm, 虚像视距为7.5 m, 虚像视场角为9.8°×5.5°的虚像显示光路。为保证驾驶员观察到的虚像的清晰度, 结合人眼典型分辨角为1′, 源图像显示模块采用分辨率为854×480 pixel的背投式DLP微投影系统。将人眼与虚像显示光路作为整体进行设计, 使用Eyebox(孔径光阑偏移范围)模拟驾驶员眼睛活动范围, 对于不同的孔径光阑位置, 该光学系统的虚像面在奈奎斯特空间频率0.33 lp/mm处, 中心视场MTF值大于0.6, 全视场MTF值大于0.3。此外, 使用蒙特卡罗方法对该系统取不同入瞳位置时进行了初步公差分析, 系统90%的MTF值大于0.49, 表明该系统容差能力较强。

Abstract

Aiming at the demand of automobile augmented reality-head up display (AR-HUD) with farther visual distance and bigger field of view(FOV) angle for virtual images, a virtual image display optical path was designed by using the free-form surface off-axis reflection optical path structure with a focal length of -309 mm, a visual range of 7.5 mand a virtual image FOV angle of 9.8°×5.5° for the virtual image. According to the typical human eye resolution angle of 1′, the source image display module adopted the backprojection digital light processing (DLP) micro-projection system with resolution of 854 ×480 pixel to ensure the virtual image clarity observed by the driver.The optical path of human eye and virtual image display was designed as a whole. The Eyebox(aperture stopmigration range)was used to simulate the driver’s eye movement range. Results show that, for different aperture stop positions, the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the virtual image plane of the optical system is more than 0.6 at Nyquist spatial frequency of 0.33 lp/mm, and the MTF of the whole field of view is more than 0.3. In addition, Monte Carlo method was used to analyze the tolerance of the system. The MTF value of 90% of the system is greater than 0.49, which shows that the system has better tolerance ability.

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黄兴洲, 胡诗杰, 汤国茂, 杨平, 许冰, 张改娜. 远距离成像汽车平视显示光路结构设计[J]. 应用光学, 2019, 40(5): 894. HUANG Xingzhou, HU Shijie, TANG Guomao, YANG Ping, XU Bing, ZHANG Gaina. Optical structure design of automotive head-up display with long-distance imaging[J]. Journal of Applied Optics, 2019, 40(5): 894.

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