<i>Q</i>-switched and mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser using PtSe<sub>2</sub> as a saturable absorber

Kang Zhang; Ming Feng; Yangyang Ren; Fang Liu; Xingshuo Chen; Jie Yang; Xiao-Qing Yan; Feng Song; Jianguo Tian

doi:doi:10.1364/PRJ.6.000893

Photonics Research, 2018, 6 (9): 09000893, Published Online: Sep. 5, 2018

Q-switched and mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser using PtSe₂ as a saturable absorber

Kang Zhang ¹Ming Feng ^1,*Yangyang Ren ¹Fang Liu ¹Xingshuo Chen ¹Jie Yang ¹Xiao-Qing Yan ^1,2Feng Song ¹Jianguo Tian ¹

Author Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China

² e-mail: yanxq01@nankai.edu.cn

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1. (a) AFM image of the CVD-grown PtSe2 film on the sapphire substrate. The red curve shows the thickness along the white dashed line. (b) Representative Raman spectrum of PtSe2 film taken at a 514 nm excitation wavelength. (c) Absorption spectrum of the PtSe2 film.

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Fig. 2. (a) Structure of the PtSe2-based SA. (b) Optical image and optical microscope image (inset) of the PtSe2-based SA. (c) Nonlinear optical transmission of TE mode in PtSe2-based SA. (d) Nonlinear optical transmission of TM mode in the PtSe2-based SA.

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Fig. 3. Structure of the PtSe2-SA-based EDFL. WDM, wavelength division multiplexer; EDF, Er-doped fiber; OC, optical coupler; PI-ISO, polarization-independent isolator; PC, polarization controller; SA, saturable absorber.

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Fig. 4. (a) Output pulse train, (b) single pulse profile, and (c) optical spectrum of the Q-switching EDFL at a pump power of 445 mW.

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Fig. 5. (a) Pulse repetition rate and pulse width versus pump power. (b) Average output power and single pulse energy vary with pump power.

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Fig. 6. (a) Output pulse train, (b) the measured autocorrelation trace and its fitted curve, (c) optical spectrum (inset, long-term 3 dB spectral bandwidth fluctuation of the laser), and (d) RF spectrum of the mode-locked EDFL.

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Table1. Saturable Absorption Properties for Different Nanomaterial-Based SAs at 1.5 μm and Mode-Locked Lasing Output Properties Based on Them

Material	Modulation Depth	Saturable Intensity	Pulse Duration	Refs.
Single-walled carbon nanotubes	11.20%	$15.5 MW / {cm}^{2}$	0.47 ps	[8]
Graphene	18.17%–65.88%	0.53–1.09 MW/cm²	1.23 ps	[10]
Graphene oxide	2.6%	$60 MW / {cm}^{2}$	0.20 ps	[13]
BP	8.1%	$6.55 MW / {cm}^{2}$	0.95 ps	[17]
BPQDs	36%	$3.3 GW / {cm}^{2}$	1.08 ps	[18]
${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{3}$	1.7%	$630 MW / {cm}^{2}$	2.94 ps	[19]
${Bi}_{2} {Te}_{3}$	6.20%	$28 MW / {cm}^{2}$	0.32 ps	[22]
${MoS}_{2}$	4.3%	$34 MW / {cm}^{2}$	0.71 ps	[23]
${WS}_{2}$	15.1%	$157.6 MW / {cm}^{2}$	1.49 ps	[25]
${TiS}_{2}$	18%	$9.91 MW / {cm}^{2}$	1.04 ps	[26]
${MoTe}_{2}$	25.50%	$9.6 MW / {cm}^{2}$	0.23 ps	[27]
${PtSe}_{2}$	1.11%–4.90%	0.34–1.23 GW/cm²	1.02 ps	This work

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Kang Zhang, Ming Feng, Yangyang Ren, Fang Liu, Xingshuo Chen, Jie Yang, Xiao-Qing Yan, Feng Song, Jianguo Tian. Q-switched and mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser using PtSe₂ as a saturable absorber[J]. Photonics Research, 2018, 6(9): 09000893.

Q-switched and mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser using PtSe₂ as a saturable absorber

Fig. 1. (a) AFM image of the CVD-grown PtSe2 film on the sapphire substrate. The red curve shows the thickness along the white dashed line. (b) Representative Raman spectrum of PtSe2 film taken at a 514 nm excitation wavelength. (c) Absorption spectrum of the PtSe2 film.

Fig. 2. (a) Structure of the PtSe2-based SA. (b) Optical image and optical microscope image (inset) of the PtSe2-based SA. (c) Nonlinear optical transmission of TE mode in PtSe2-based SA. (d) Nonlinear optical transmission of TM mode in the PtSe2-based SA.

Fig. 3. Structure of the PtSe2-SA-based EDFL. WDM, wavelength division multiplexer; EDF, Er-doped fiber; OC, optical coupler; PI-ISO, polarization-independent isolator; PC, polarization controller; SA, saturable absorber.

Fig. 4. (a) Output pulse train, (b) single pulse profile, and (c) optical spectrum of the Q-switching EDFL at a pump power of 445 mW.

Fig. 5. (a) Pulse repetition rate and pulse width versus pump power. (b) Average output power and single pulse energy vary with pump power.

Fig. 6. (a) Output pulse train, (b) the measured autocorrelation trace and its fitted curve, (c) optical spectrum (inset, long-term 3 dB spectral bandwidth fluctuation of the laser), and (d) RF spectrum of the mode-locked EDFL.

Table1. Saturable Absorption Properties for Different Nanomaterial-Based SAs at 1.5 μm and Mode-Locked Lasing Output Properties Based on Them

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Q-switched and mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser using PtSe2 as a saturable absorber

Fig. 1. (a) AFM image of the CVD-grown PtSe2 film on the sapphire substrate. The red curve shows the thickness along the white dashed line. (b) Representative Raman spectrum of PtSe2 film taken at a 514 nm excitation wavelength. (c) Absorption spectrum of the PtSe2 film.

Fig. 2. (a) Structure of the PtSe2-based SA. (b) Optical image and optical microscope image (inset) of the PtSe2-based SA. (c) Nonlinear optical transmission of TE mode in PtSe2-based SA. (d) Nonlinear optical transmission of TM mode in the PtSe2-based SA.

Fig. 3. Structure of the PtSe2-SA-based EDFL. WDM, wavelength division multiplexer; EDF, Er-doped fiber; OC, optical coupler; PI-ISO, polarization-independent isolator; PC, polarization controller; SA, saturable absorber.

Fig. 4. (a) Output pulse train, (b) single pulse profile, and (c) optical spectrum of the Q-switching EDFL at a pump power of 445 mW.

Fig. 5. (a) Pulse repetition rate and pulse width versus pump power. (b) Average output power and single pulse energy vary with pump power.

Fig. 6. (a) Output pulse train, (b) the measured autocorrelation trace and its fitted curve, (c) optical spectrum (inset, long-term 3 dB spectral bandwidth fluctuation of the laser), and (d) RF spectrum of the mode-locked EDFL.

Table1. Saturable Absorption Properties for Different Nanomaterial-Based SAs at 1.5 μm and Mode-Locked Lasing Output Properties Based on Them

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Q-switched and mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser using PtSe₂ as a saturable absorber