超导纳米线单光子探测现状与展望

超导纳米线单光子探测器(SNSPD)是一种量子极限灵敏度的光探测器。它的基本原理是利用光子能量实现超导纳米线库珀对的拆对, 从而在超导纳米线局域发生超导-非超导相变。和传统半导体单光子探测器相比, 具有探测效率高、暗计数低、时间抖动小、死时间短、宽谱响应以及自由运行等优势。高性能SNSPD已经在量子信息、激光通信、激光雷达等领域得到了广泛应用。文中概述了过去几年间国内外在SNSPD研发、应用成果及产业化等方面的进展, 并对SNSPD未来的技术发展和应用进行了展望。

Abstract

Superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) is an optical detector with quantum-limit sensitivity. The detection mechanism is based on the Cooper-pair breaking by the photon energy, which results in a phase transition from superconducting state to non-superconducting state. SNSPDs surpass the semiconducting counterparts with high detection efficiency, low dark count rate, small timing jitter, short dead time, broad spectrum sensitivity as well as free-running etc. SNSPDs with high performance have been applied in various fields, such as, quantum information, laser communication, light detection and ranging. The progress of SNSPD research and development, application as well as commercialization at home and abroad in the past few years was summarized. An outlook of SNSPDs′ R&D as well as applications was also provided.

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尤立星. 超导纳米线单光子探测现状与展望[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2018, 47(12): 1202001. You Lixing. Status and prospect of superconducting nanowire single photon detection[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2018, 47(12): 1202001.

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