基于一个6腔同腔结构相对论磁控管,透明阴极金属条个数与磁控管腔数相同时相对论磁控管易于工作在2π模式,减少为腔体数目一半时易于工作在π模式,提出了旋转扇形透明阴极金属条角向位置实现相对论磁控管中心频率跳变的方案。经仿真优化,设计了外径15 mm,6个扇形金属条的透明阴极,每个扇形金属条的角向宽度为20°。运用粒子模拟软件,仿真分析了角向位置金属条与阳极块相对应及金属条与谐振腔相对应两种情况,在工作磁场保持0.75 T,调节工作电压在600~800 kV内变化时,模拟结果表明,相对论磁控管可以很稳定地分别工作在 2π模式和π模式,即通过旋转透明阴极实现相对论磁控管频率跳变。

Based on a relativistic magnetron with six same cavities, the operating characteristics of transparent cathode are analyzed. A relativistic magnetron can work in 2π mode easily, when the number of metal strips of the transparent cathode is the same as resonant cavities. However, it can work in π mode easily when the number is half of the resonant cavities. According to the theory, changing the position of angular orientation of the rotating sector transparent cathode can realize the frequency hopping in the relativistic magnetron. A transparent cathode is designed. Its outer radius is 15 mm. Meanwhile it has six sector metal strips, and each strip’s angular orientation is 20°. The particle simulation software is used to calculate two models, the magnetic field is maintained in 0.75 T and the operating voltage changes from 600 kV to 800 kV. The results show that it can work in 2π mode when putting metal strips on angular position and anode blocks in alignment, while it can work in π mode when making each metal strip and each resonant cavity in alignment. It demonstrates that the frequency hopping of the relativistic magnetron can be achieved by rotating the position of angular orientation of the sector transparent cathode.