为获得具有调温调湿且能够进行光催化降解有害物质的多功能复合材料, 利用溶胶-凝胶法制备Ce-La/TiO2空心微球, 以Ce-La/TiO2空心微球为载体材料, 采用真空吸附法将相变材料——癸酸-棕榈酸填充在Ce-La/TiO2空心微球的空腔中制备具有光-湿-热协同性能的Ce-La/TiO2复合材料。 采用傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）对制备过程中主要阶段的产物进行测试, 研究SiO2模板的构建作用, 表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）的衔接作用, 癸酸-棕榈酸的嵌入对Ce-La/TiO2空心微球的影响, 利用紫外-可见分光光谱仪（UV-Vis）对Ce-La/TiO2复合材料的光响应范围进行测试, 研究Ce-La共掺杂对TiO2空心微球光响应能力的影响, 采用扫描电镜（SEM）对Ce-La/TiO2复合材料的微观形貌进行表征分析, 进一步阐明Ce-La/TiO2复合材料制备机理。 结果表明, 氨水提供的碱环境有利于正硅酸乙酯缩合反应, 在78000 cm-1处生成Si—O—Si基团, 搭建SiO2网络骨架, 形成内核, 作为支撑TiO2壁材的模板, 构建TiO2的空腔结构; 表面活性剂PVP的添加, 在1 03500 cm-1处形成—C—N—基团, 有利于TiO2附着在SiO2的表面; 高温煅烧能够有效去除PVP避免杂质离子引入到Ce-La/TiO2复合材料体系中。 Ce-La共掺杂使Ce-La/TiO2复合材料的吸收边带发生红移, 提高在可见光下的催化降解能力, 同时在1 63000 cm-1处出现—OH基团能够提高Ce-La/TiO2复合材料的亲水性。 癸酸-棕榈酸较好的填充于Ce-La/TiO2空心微球的空腔中, 各组分的特征吸收峰没有发生明显变化, 能够保持各组分的基本性能不变。

To obtain multifunctional composites which had temperature-humidity properties and photocatalytic degradation ability to harmful substances, Ce-La/TiO2 hollow microspheres were prepared with Sol-Gel method. Then taking the Ce-La/TiO2 hollow microspheres as the carrier materials, the phase change materials—decanoic acid-palmitic acid was filled in Ce-La/TiO2 hollow microspheres’ cavities with vacuum absorption method to prepare Ce-La/TiO2 composites which had photocatalytic-mositure-heat properties. The materials of the main step of Ce-La/TiO2 composites were characterized with FTIR to study the establishment of SiO2 template, the bridging role of surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the effect of filled decanoic acid-palmitic acid into Ce- La/TiO2 hollow microspheres. The photoresponisve of Ce-La/TiO2 composites was characterized by UV-Vis to study the effect of Ce-La doping to the TiO2 hollow microspheres’ light response ability. Further more, the microstructure of Ce-La/TiO2 composites was characterized with SEM to clarify the Ce-La/TiO2 composites preparation mechanism. The results show that, alkali environment which is provided by ammonium hydroxide is good for condensation reaction of tetraethoxysilane (C8H20O4Si), accelerating generate Si—O—Si groups at 78000 cm-1 to build SiO2 skeleton form kernel as the template to support the TiO2 wall materials. Adding PVP can generate —C—N— groups at 1 03500 cm-1, which is benefit for TiO2 attached to the surface of SiO2. Calcinate Ce-La/TiO2 hollow microspheres at high temperature can effectively remove PVP to avoid impurity ions into the composite system. Ce-La dopping makes the Ce-La/TiO2 composites’ absorption edge red shift, which is beneficial in enhancing the photocatalytic degradation ability under visible light. It also enhances the hydroscopicity of Ce-La/TiO2 composites due to —OH groups at 1 63000 cm-1. Decanoic acid-palmitic acid is fully filled in Ce-La/TiO2 hollow microspheres’ cavities, there is not much change in characteristic absorption peak of each component so the fundamental characteristics of each component could remain unchanged.