管身对中口径电磁轨道炮的影响分析

楼宇涛; 栗保明

doi:doi:10.11884/hplpb201527.093201

强激光与粒子束, 2015, 27 (9): 093201, 网络出版: 2015-11-30

管身对中口径电磁轨道炮的影响分析

Influence of containment for medium caliber electromagnetic railgun

论文大纲

楼宇涛 ^*栗保明

作者单位

南京理工大学瞬态物理国家重点实验室, 南京 210094

电磁轨道炮管身力学特性涡流能耗 electromagnetic railgun containment mechanical properties eddy-current loss

摘要

以脉冲电流作为激励的电磁轨道炮无可避免地在不锈钢管身上感应出巨大涡流，涡流不仅自身损耗能量，而且削弱电枢的推进力，降低发射效率。为深入研究管身对电磁轨道炮的影响，结合场路模型计算了电磁轨道炮系统的发射效率和涡流能耗，讨论了不同管身结构和材料下的发射效率，进一步分析了管身对电磁轨道炮力学特性的影响。结果表明：基于10 MJ脉冲电源的中口径电磁轨道炮，其不锈钢管身将大幅削弱系统的发射效率，管身涡流能耗比炮口动能的一半还多；采用层压式结构的高导磁材料作为管身，发射效率的提升尤为明显；管身对电枢轴向力的削弱是导致发射效率下降的根本原因，对电枢径向力的削弱则不利于电枢和轨道的良好接触，从而增加接触电阻，降低发射效率；但是对身管各部件径向力的减小有助于降低身管所需预紧力。

Abstract

Eddy current in the containment of electromagnetic railgun is induced by the pulse current, and it will badly weaken the propulsion of the armature and the efficiency of the electromagnetic railgun (EMG) system. In order to investigate the influence of the containment on the efficiency, a full circuit model in combination with a finite element method was employed. Firstly, the launch efficiency and the eddy-current loss were calculated, and the efficiency of different containment structure and materials were discussed. Results show that, based on a medium caliber electromagnetic railgun with 10 MJ pulse power, its stainless steel containment will reduce the efficiency very seriously, and the eddy-current losses in containment are more than half of muzzle kinetic energy. While laminated structure and high permeability containment can improve the efficiency obviously. Lastly, the influence of the containment on mechanical property of the electromagnetic railgun was analysed. As a result, the decrease of the armature axial force by the containment is the primary cause of efficiency decline, and the decrease of armature radial force can increase the contact resistance between armature and rails, which will reduce the efficiency too; in addition, the decrease of the radial force of barrel components helps to reduce the preload.

参考文献

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楼宇涛, 栗保明. 管身对中口径电磁轨道炮的影响分析[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2015, 27(9): 093201. Lou Yutao, Li Baoming. Influence of containment for medium caliber electromagnetic railgun[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2015, 27(9): 093201.

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