液晶偏振变焦透镜组合设计

具有可变焦能力的透镜在成像、传感和检测等领域扮演着重要角色。本文通过研究液晶偏振透镜的光学特性, 设计出多点变焦的液晶偏振透镜变焦系统。液晶偏振透镜是一种利用液晶分子指向矢(光学各向异性轴)特定的空间排列, 产生特定几何相位差从而达到波前控制效果的光学器件, 对于左/右旋圆偏振光分别表现为正/负透镜效果。利用液晶偏振透镜的偏振特性及液晶分子受电场调制的性质, 本文设计出由一片普通正透镜、一片可调谐液晶波片和两片液晶偏振透镜组成的液晶偏振变焦透镜组合, 在特定的偏振入射光下, 可以实现7个焦距的改变。同时, 通过优化透镜焦距、间隔等参数, 可以使变焦透镜组合实现等间隔变焦等功能。实验结果显示, 在633 nm圆偏振光下, 利用自主制备的液晶偏振透镜组成的液晶偏振变焦透镜组合系统成功实现了7个焦距的变焦功能, 同时变焦距离基本符合预期且部分焦距(前6个)实现了等间隔分布, 充分验证了利用液晶偏振透镜实现多点变焦的可行性。

Abstract

Lens with tunable focal length play an important roles in imaging, sensing and detection. In this paper, by studying the polarization characteristics of liquid crystal polarization lenses (LCPL), a zoom system that realizes multi-point zoom through a combination of multiple LCPL is designed. LCPL is an optical element that utilizes a specific spatial arrangement of liquid crystal molecular directors (Optical anisotropy axes) to produce a specific geometric phase difference to control wavefront. For left/right circularly polarized light, LCPL is equivalent to a positive/negative lens. By using the polarization characteristics of LCPL and the electro-optic characteristics of liquid crystal, a liquid crystal polarization zoom lens system consisting of a common positive lens, a liquid crystal wave plate and two LCPLs is designed. The system can achieve zooming of 7 focal lengths under circularly polarized incident light. At the same time, by optimizing the parameters of the LCPLs (such as focal length, spacing, etc.), the system can achieve effects such as equal interval zoom. The experimental results show that under the 633 nm circularly polarized light, the liquid crystal polarization zoom lens combining system (composed of a self-made LCPL) successfully realizes zooming of 7 focal lengths, and the zooming distance meets the expected requirements essentially. This experiment fully verified the feasibility of multi-point zoom in LCPLs system.

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