光声光谱是一种新颖的气体探测技术, 光声光谱检测是一种间接的吸收光谱技术, 通过探测声波信号进行气体浓度反演, 具有结构简单、 响应速度快、 系统体积小等优点, 是目前正在发展一种可广泛使用的高灵敏度痕量气体传感手段之一, 在检测毒害气体、 爆炸物及化学毒剂模拟剂领域正在成为研究的热点之一。 重点介绍了光声光谱技术在化学毒剂模拟剂和有毒有害气体的快速检测方面的研究工作。 光声光谱法使用了不同的激光系统, 当激光发射的范围为中红外波段, 在这些波段范围内化学毒剂会有特征吸收峰, 因此也可适用于检测化学毒剂。 介绍了国外光声光谱法检测化学毒剂及模拟剂的相关方法, 介绍了方法中光路构成、 激光光源等方法信息, 以及新建气体吸收池的结构特点。 分析了不同化学毒剂及模拟剂光声光谱检测的特征吸收波长范围等内容。 除了传统的在气体吸收池中检测化学毒剂外, 近年来不断发展了在几厘米到几十米距离范围内的光声光谱开放光路遥测探测毒害气体的方法和系统。 对光声光谱技术在氨气、 硫化氢、 HF、 二氧化硫等有毒有害气体检测领域的方法进行了报道。 分析了相关的光源及方法、 声波换能元件、 化学毒剂模拟剂的特征光谱、 检测性能等方面的工作。 报道了国外短距离遥测光声光谱样机, 对光声光谱短距离谱遥测技术等潜在的发展进行了评述。

Photoacoustic spectroscopy is a novel gas detection technology. Photoacoustic spectroscopy is an indirect absorption spectroscopy technology. Gas concentration inversion is performed by detecting acoustic signals. It has the advantages of simple structure, response speed, and small system size. It is one of the widely used high-sensitivity trace gas sensing methods currently under development and is becoming one of the research focus in detecting toxic gases, explosives and chemical warfare agent simulants. This paper focuses on the research work of photoacoustic spectroscopy in the rapid detection of chemical warfare agent simulants and toxic gases. Photoacoustic spectroscopy can use different laser systems. When the laser emission range is in the mid-infrared band, chemical warfare agent simulants will have characteristic absorption peaks in these bands, so they can also be used to detect chemical warfare agent simulants. This paper introduces the methods of photoacoustic spectroscopy in foreign countries for the detection of chemical warfare agents and simulants. It introduces the method information such as the optical path configuration, laser light source, etc. in the method, as well as the structural characteristics of the newly built gas absorption cell. The characteristic absorption wavelength range of photoacoustic spectroscopic detection of chemical warfare agents and simulants was analyzed. In addition to the traditional detection of chemical poisons in gas absorption cells, methods and systems for the open optical path telemetry of photoacoustic spectroscopy in the range of several centimeters to tens of meters have been continuously developed in recent years to detect chemical warfare agent simulants. The article also reported the method of photoacoustic spectroscopy in detecting ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, HF, sulfur dioxide and other toxic and harmful gases. This paper analyzes the related work on light sources and methods, acoustic wave transducers, characteristic spectra of chemical poison simulants, and detection performance. The foreign short-range telemetry photoacoustic spectroscopy prototype is reported, and the potential development of photoacoustic spectroscopy short-range spectral telemetry technology is reviewed.