以氧为辅助气体的激光切割工艺切割不锈钢等特种钢板时容易产生挂渣现象,因此大多采用高压高纯度氮气或惰性气体辅助激光切割不锈钢。在对熔渣形成原因及规律进行实验研究的前提下,提出了仍以氧辅助切割以降低激光切割功率,通过在工件底部加设旋风除渣器,形成旋转气流控制熔渣流向以去除熔渣的方法。实验证明,当同轴辅助切割气体为氧气,气体压力降低为300 kPa,旋转气流引导装置气体压力为100 kPa,激光功率为500 W,模式为TEM01,焦点位于0.5 mm厚硅钢片工件上表面,切割速度为3 m/min时,可获得光滑的高质量切口。

It is easy to produce molten slag by using traditional laser cutting technology in laser cutting some special steel such as stainless steel and so on. The main reason is that oxidizing reaction will take place inevitably by using oxygen as aided gas. So high pressure and high purity N2 or inert gases are used as aided cutting gas in laser cutting stainless steel. After study of the forming principle and the rule of molten slag, a fine new laser cutting technology by using cyclone slag separator that will form rotating gas flow to control the direction of the flowing slag gas and oxygen as aided gas is presented. The experiments prove that by controlling the technical parameter reasonably, this laser cutting technology is practical and feasible. When the coaxial aided cutting gas is oxygen and the gas pressure is 300 kPa, the cyclone slag separator gas pressure is 100 kPa, the laser is TEM01and the output power is 500 W, the focal position is on the workpiece, and the cutting speed is 3 m/min, lubricous and dross-free cutting kerfs are obtained.