针对现今遥感对地面目标自身热辐射偏振特性研究的需要, 对雪的热辐射多角度偏振特性进行测量, 分析探测天顶角、 探测方位角、 波段、 偏振角四个因子对雪的热辐射特性的影响。 结果表明: 雪的辐射亮度和亮度温度均随探测天顶角的增大而增大, 当探测天顶角＞30°时, 增长速度加快, 且探测天顶角对雪的亮度温度的影响较辐射亮度更为显著; 探测方位角的变化对雪的辐射亮度和亮度温度有一定的影响, 且对雪的亮度温度的影响较辐射亮度更为显著; 波段的变化对雪的辐射亮度和亮度温度均有显著影响, 相比而言, 其对辐射亮度的影响更为显著; 偏振角的变化对雪的辐射亮度和亮度温度有一定的影响, 且对亮度温度的影响较辐射亮度较为显著。 该研究成果为应用遥感技术开展雪的热红外定量研究提供了新的思路与方法, 具有重要的理论意义和广阔的应用前景。

This paper, catering to the need of the study of remote sensing for thermal radiation polarization properties of ground features, detects the thermal radiation multi-angle polarization properties of snow, and makes analysis of effects of four factors, i.e. detecting zenith angle, detecting azimuth angle, bands and polarizing angle, on the thermal radiation properties of snow. The results show that the radiance and brightness temperature of snow increases with the detecting zenith angle. When the detecting zenith angle is greater than 30°, the growth accelerated, and the effect of detecting zenith angle on the brightness temperature of snow is more significant than that of the radiance; the changes in detecting azimuth angle have some effect on the radiance and brightness temperature of snow, and have much influence on the brightness temperature than that of the radiance; the radiance and brightness temperature of snow is significantly affected by the changes in bands, and the effect on the radiance is more significant; the changes in polarizing angle have some effect on the radiance and brightness temperature of the snow, and have much influence on its brightness temperature. The results of the study provide new ideas and methods for the application of remote sensing technology to carrying out the thermal infrared quantitative study of snow, and have important theoretical significance and potential applications.