小孔阵列衍射特性与应用

郑志敏; 丁天怀; 张建福

光学学报, 2006, 26 (2): 294, 网络出版: 2006-04-20

小孔阵列衍射特性与应用

Characteristics of Aperture-Array Diffraction and Its Application

论文大纲

郑志敏 ^*丁天怀张建福

作者单位

清华大学精密仪器与机械学系精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室, 北京 100084

物理光学小孔阵列衍射太阳敏感器 physical optics aperture array diffraction sun sensor

摘要

以单色标量波衍射理论为基础，研究了均匀平面波从不同角度入射小孔阵列的衍射特性。运用单孔衍射理论，同时考虑相邻小孔间衍射光强的相互影响，建立了小孔阵列衍射的理论模型和光强分布的数值积分式，小孔为硬边小孔。利用Matlab对500 nm波长的平面波入射微小方孔阵列衍射图样进行了计算机仿真，得到了不同几何参量下平面波从不同角度入射时的衍射图样的一维和二维光强分布图，并将仿真结果用于微型数字式太阳敏感器的光学系统中的结构参量设计和图像处理中的参量确定。太阳敏感器的成像实验结果表明，小孔阵列衍射光强分布图的仿真结果正确、太阳敏感器光学系统参量设计合理。小孔阵列衍射理论为太阳敏感器的光学系统设计和图像处理提供了可靠的理论基础。

Abstract

Based on the diffraction theory of monochromatic scalar wave，the characteristics of plane wave with uniform intensity diffracted by aperture-array from different angles were investigated. Considering the effect of the near apertures, the theoretical model and intensity distribution numerical integral expression were established on the base of aperture diffraction theory, where the apertures are hard-edged. The intensity distribution patterns of diffraction when plane light with 500 nm wavelength went through the aperture-array were simulated with Matlab, and figures of one- and two-dimensional diffraction intensity distribution of aperture and apertures-array. The simulation results were applied to design optical system's structure parameters of a micro digital sun sensor and to determine the parameters in image processing of it. The experiments showed that simulation results of intensity distribution diffraction patterns were correct and the design results of sun sensor's optical system were resonable. The aperture-array diffraction theory provided a reliable theory for the optical system design of the sun sensor and image processing.

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郑志敏, 丁天怀, 张建福. 小孔阵列衍射特性与应用[J]. 光学学报, 2006, 26(2): 294. 郑志敏, 丁天怀, 张建福. Characteristics of Aperture-Array Diffraction and Its Application[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2006, 26(2): 294.

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