测量小角度后向散射的水体沙氏激光雷达技术设计

张元帅; 张洪玮; 吴松华

doi:doi:10.3788/AOS202040.1101004

光学学报, 2020, 40 (11): 1101004, 网络出版: 2020-06-10

测量小角度后向散射的水体沙氏激光雷达技术设计下载： 987次

Design of Water Scheimpflug Lidar Technology Used for Measuring Small Angle Backscattering

张元帅 ^1,2张洪玮 ^1,2,*吴松华 ^1,2,3,4

作者单位

¹ 中国海洋大学信息科学与工程学院, 山东青岛 266100

² 中国海洋大学海洋遥感研究所, 山东青岛 266100

³ 中国海洋大学海洋高等研究院, 山东青岛 266100

⁴ 青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室, 山东青岛 266237

图 & 表

图 1. 沙氏成像原理图

Fig. 1. Schematic of Scheimpflug imaging

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图 2. 测量参数之间的关系。(a)相机像素点与测量距离和距离分辨率之间的关系;(b)相机像素点与后向散射角度和角度分辨率之间的关系

Fig. 2. Relationship among measurement parameters. (a) Relationship of camera pixel points with measurement distance and distance resolution; (b) relationship of camera pixel points with backscattering angle and angle resolution

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图 3. 弥散圆示意图

Fig. 3. Schematic of diffusion circle

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图 4. 像素点的景深和距离分辨率的关系

Fig. 4. Relationship between depth-of-field and distance resolution of pixel points

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图 5. 实验系统示意图

Fig. 5. Schematic of experimental system

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图 6. 光束折射与探测距离关系。(a)光线折射示意图;(b)像素点与探测距离关系

Fig. 6. Relationship between beam refraction and detection distance. (a) Schematic of light refraction; (b) relationship between pixel points and detection distance

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图 7. 以自来水为介质,不同曝光时间下的水体沙氏激光雷达光强图和后向散射光强曲线。(a) 1 s;(b) 5 s;(c) 10 s;(d) 14 s

Fig. 7. Intensity curves of water Scheimpflug lidar and intensity curves of backscattered light with different exposure time when tap water used as medium. (a) 1 s; (b) 5 s; (c) 10 s; (d) 14 s

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图 8. 不同测量介质的散射信号强度。(a)去离子水;(b)自来水;(c)河水

Fig. 8. Scattered signal intensities of different measurement media. (a) Deionized water; (b) tap water; (c) river water

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图 9. 三种水体测量所得的光束宽度图。(a)去离子水;(b)自来水;(c)河水

Fig. 9. Beam width diagrams obtained from three water body measurements. (a) Deionized water; (b) tap water; (c) river water

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图 10. 光束宽度数据处理流程图

Fig. 10. Flowchart of laser beam width data processing

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图 11. 三种不同水体中光束宽度值及标准差随测量距离的变化情况

Fig. 11. Laser beam width and its standard deviation versus measurement distance for three different water bodies

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图 12. 三种不同水体中光束初始宽度、光束宽度衰减速率及散射光强衰减速率的散点图

Fig. 12. Scatter plots of initial beam width, beam width decay rate, and scattered light intensity decay rate for three different water bodies

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图 13. 三种水体经过滤所得的滤膜

Fig. 13. Filter membranes obtained from filtration for three different water bodies

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表 1分光光度计与水体沙氏雷达数据结果比较

Table1. Comparison of data from spectrophotometer and water Scheimpflug lidar

Water	Spectrophotometer			Water Scheimpflug lidar
Water	Absorbance	Absorption coefficient /m^-1		Beam width decay rate /m^-1	Scattered light intensity decay rate /m^-1
Deionized water	0.0027		0.158			0.463	0.618
Tap water	0.0052		1.243			1.014	18.866
River water	0.2346		24.182			14.302	126.741

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张元帅, 张洪玮, 吴松华. 测量小角度后向散射的水体沙氏激光雷达技术设计[J]. 光学学报, 2020, 40(11): 1101004. Yuanshuai Zhang, Hongwei Zhang, Songhua Wu. Design of Water Scheimpflug Lidar Technology Used for Measuring Small Angle Backscattering[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2020, 40(11): 1101004.

测量小角度后向散射的水体沙氏激光雷达技术设计下载： 987次

图 1. 沙氏成像原理图

Fig. 1. Schematic of Scheimpflug imaging

图 2. 测量参数之间的关系。(a)相机像素点与测量距离和距离分辨率之间的关系;(b)相机像素点与后向散射角度和角度分辨率之间的关系

Fig. 2. Relationship among measurement parameters. (a) Relationship of camera pixel points with measurement distance and distance resolution; (b) relationship of camera pixel points with backscattering angle and angle resolution

图 3. 弥散圆示意图

Fig. 3. Schematic of diffusion circle

图 4. 像素点的景深和距离分辨率的关系

Fig. 4. Relationship between depth-of-field and distance resolution of pixel points

图 5. 实验系统示意图

Fig. 5. Schematic of experimental system

图 6. 光束折射与探测距离关系。(a)光线折射示意图;(b)像素点与探测距离关系

Fig. 6. Relationship between beam refraction and detection distance. (a) Schematic of light refraction; (b) relationship between pixel points and detection distance

图 7. 以自来水为介质,不同曝光时间下的水体沙氏激光雷达光强图和后向散射光强曲线。(a) 1 s;(b) 5 s;(c) 10 s;(d) 14 s

Fig. 7. Intensity curves of water Scheimpflug lidar and intensity curves of backscattered light with different exposure time when tap water used as medium. (a) 1 s; (b) 5 s; (c) 10 s; (d) 14 s

图 8. 不同测量介质的散射信号强度。(a)去离子水;(b)自来水;(c)河水

Fig. 8. Scattered signal intensities of different measurement media. (a) Deionized water; (b) tap water; (c) river water

图 9. 三种水体测量所得的光束宽度图。(a)去离子水;(b)自来水;(c)河水

Fig. 9. Beam width diagrams obtained from three water body measurements. (a) Deionized water; (b) tap water; (c) river water

图 10. 光束宽度数据处理流程图

Fig. 10. Flowchart of laser beam width data processing

图 11. 三种不同水体中光束宽度值及标准差随测量距离的变化情况

Fig. 11. Laser beam width and its standard deviation versus measurement distance for three different water bodies

图 12. 三种不同水体中光束初始宽度、光束宽度衰减速率及散射光强衰减速率的散点图

Fig. 12. Scatter plots of initial beam width, beam width decay rate, and scattered light intensity decay rate for three different water bodies

图 13. 三种水体经过滤所得的滤膜

Fig. 13. Filter membranes obtained from filtration for three different water bodies

表 1分光光度计与水体沙氏雷达数据结果比较

Table1. Comparison of data from spectrophotometer and water Scheimpflug lidar

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测量小角度后向散射的水体沙氏激光雷达技术设计 下载： 987次

图 1. 沙氏成像原理图

Fig. 1. Schematic of Scheimpflug imaging

图 2. 测量参数之间的关系。(a)相机像素点与测量距离和距离分辨率之间的关系;(b)相机像素点与后向散射角度和角度分辨率之间的关系

Fig. 2. Relationship among measurement parameters. (a) Relationship of camera pixel points with measurement distance and distance resolution; (b) relationship of camera pixel points with backscattering angle and angle resolution

图 3. 弥散圆示意图

Fig. 3. Schematic of diffusion circle

图 4. 像素点的景深和距离分辨率的关系

Fig. 4. Relationship between depth-of-field and distance resolution of pixel points

图 5. 实验系统示意图

Fig. 5. Schematic of experimental system

图 6. 光束折射与探测距离关系。(a)光线折射示意图;(b)像素点与探测距离关系

Fig. 6. Relationship between beam refraction and detection distance. (a) Schematic of light refraction; (b) relationship between pixel points and detection distance

图 7. 以自来水为介质,不同曝光时间下的水体沙氏激光雷达光强图和后向散射光强曲线。(a) 1 s;(b) 5 s;(c) 10 s;(d) 14 s

Fig. 7. Intensity curves of water Scheimpflug lidar and intensity curves of backscattered light with different exposure time when tap water used as medium. (a) 1 s; (b) 5 s; (c) 10 s; (d) 14 s

图 8. 不同测量介质的散射信号强度。(a)去离子水;(b)自来水;(c)河水

Fig. 8. Scattered signal intensities of different measurement media. (a) Deionized water; (b) tap water; (c) river water

图 9. 三种水体测量所得的光束宽度图。(a)去离子水;(b)自来水;(c)河水

Fig. 9. Beam width diagrams obtained from three water body measurements. (a) Deionized water; (b) tap water; (c) river water

图 10. 光束宽度数据处理流程图

Fig. 10. Flowchart of laser beam width data processing

图 11. 三种不同水体中光束宽度值及标准差随测量距离的变化情况

Fig. 11. Laser beam width and its standard deviation versus measurement distance for three different water bodies

图 12. 三种不同水体中光束初始宽度、光束宽度衰减速率及散射光强衰减速率的散点图

Fig. 12. Scatter plots of initial beam width, beam width decay rate, and scattered light intensity decay rate for three different water bodies

图 13. 三种水体经过滤所得的滤膜

Fig. 13. Filter membranes obtained from filtration for three different water bodies

表 1分光光度计与水体沙氏雷达数据结果比较

Table1. Comparison of data from spectrophotometer and water Scheimpflug lidar

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测量小角度后向散射的水体沙氏激光雷达技术设计下载： 987次