Mode demultiplexing hybrids for mode-division multiplexing coherent receivers

He Wen; Huiyuan Liu; Yuanhang Zhang; Peng Zhang; Guifang Li

doi:doi:10.1364/PRJ.7.000917

Photonics Research, 2019, 7 (8): 08000917, Published Online: Jul. 26, 2019

Mode demultiplexing hybrids for mode-division multiplexing coherent receivers Download： 726次

He Wen ^1,*Huiyuan Liu ¹Yuanhang Zhang ¹Peng Zhang ^1,2Guifang Li ^1,3

Author Affiliations

¹ CREOL, The College of Optics & Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816-2700, USA

² Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130012, China

³ e-mail: li@ucf.edu

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1. Illustration of input-to-output mapping for MPLC-based devices. (a) Mode multiplexer converting two separated input beams into two overlapped orthogonal beams; (b) interferometrically combining two separated input beams; (c) optical 90-deg hybrid mixing of two separated input beams; (d) mode demultiplexer and optical 90-deg hybrid separating and converting orthogonal overlapped modes and mixing with their respective local oscillators. The phase retardations of the spots are marked alongside them.

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Fig. 2. Phase patterns of the designed phase plates and simulated beam intensity profiles right after each phase plate.

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Fig. 3. Amplitude and phase retardation of output beam slice along the mirror symmetric line for the (a) LP11e mode, (b) LP11o mode, (c) LP01 mode, and the LO.

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Fig. 4. Cross-correlation matrix of the normalized output field to ideal output field for different inputs. The four diagonal elements are the correlations of the LP01 mode, LP11o mode, LP11e mode, and the LO.

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Fig. 5. (a) Photocurrent with balanced detection as a function of the phase shift of the input mode; in-phase versus quadrature components of the photocurrents (b) before and (c) after DC offset removal and amplitude rescaling.

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Fig. 6. Performance of a three-mode MDH as a function of the number of phase plates. (a) Insertion loss and mode-dependent loss, (b) phase deviation, and (c) intra-port power uniformity.

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Fig. 7. (a) The IL and MDL, (b) power coupling efficiency, (c) the maximum intra-port power uniformity, and (d) the maximum absolute phase error as a function of the operating wavelength ranging from 1.5 to 1.6 μm, respectively.

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Fig. 8. MDH performance at phase retardation resolution of the phase plates from 2 to 8 bits. (a) The IL and MDL, (b) power coupling efficiency, (c) the maximum intra-port power uniformity, and (d) the maximum absolute phase error.

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Fig. 9. MDH performance at different pixel sizes. (a) The IL and MDL, (b) power coupling efficiency, (c) the maximum intra-port power uniformity, and (d) the maximum absolute phase error.

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Table1. Amplitude, Offset of Balance Detected Photocurrent, and Phase Error between the In-Phase and Quadrature Components

Mode	Amplitude of In-Phase	Amplitude of Quadrature	Offset of In-Phase	Offset of Quadrature	Phase Error
${LP}_{01}$	0.75	0.84	−0.75	−0.50	−5.86
${LP}_{11 o}$	1.24	1.20	−0.37	−0.34	4.56
${LP}_{11 e}$	1.92	1.71	5.06	3.27	−2.21

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Table2. Performance Metrics of Mode Demultiplexer and Optical 90-deg Hybrid

Mode	${LP}_{01}$	${LP}_{11 o}$	${LP}_{11 e}$	LO	Products
IL (dB)	−1.17	−1.02	−1.22	−0.76	$- 1.5 - - 1.0$
Xtalk (dB)	−14.74	−13.95	−15.89	−13.03	—
$Δ I L_{k}$ (dB)	0.75	0.74	1.33	2.62	$0.5 - 2.0$
$Δ θ_{k}$ (deg)	1.31	−0.03	0.49	2.89	5
$Δ d u a l$ (dB)	0.50	0.15	0.49	—	$0.2 - 1.0$
$Δ φ$ (deg)	−5.86	4.56	−2.21	—	—

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He Wen, Huiyuan Liu, Yuanhang Zhang, Peng Zhang, Guifang Li. Mode demultiplexing hybrids for mode-division multiplexing coherent receivers[J]. Photonics Research, 2019, 7(8): 08000917.

Mode demultiplexing hybrids for mode-division multiplexing coherent receivers Download： 726次

Fig. 2. Phase patterns of the designed phase plates and simulated beam intensity profiles right after each phase plate.

Fig. 3. Amplitude and phase retardation of output beam slice along the mirror symmetric line for the (a) LP11e mode, (b) LP11o mode, (c) LP01 mode, and the LO.

Fig. 4. Cross-correlation matrix of the normalized output field to ideal output field for different inputs. The four diagonal elements are the correlations of the LP01 mode, LP11o mode, LP11e mode, and the LO.

Fig. 5. (a) Photocurrent with balanced detection as a function of the phase shift of the input mode; in-phase versus quadrature components of the photocurrents (b) before and (c) after DC offset removal and amplitude rescaling.

Fig. 6. Performance of a three-mode MDH as a function of the number of phase plates. (a) Insertion loss and mode-dependent loss, (b) phase deviation, and (c) intra-port power uniformity.

Fig. 7. (a) The IL and MDL, (b) power coupling efficiency, (c) the maximum intra-port power uniformity, and (d) the maximum absolute phase error as a function of the operating wavelength ranging from 1.5 to 1.6 μm, respectively.

Fig. 8. MDH performance at phase retardation resolution of the phase plates from 2 to 8 bits. (a) The IL and MDL, (b) power coupling efficiency, (c) the maximum intra-port power uniformity, and (d) the maximum absolute phase error.

Fig. 9. MDH performance at different pixel sizes. (a) The IL and MDL, (b) power coupling efficiency, (c) the maximum intra-port power uniformity, and (d) the maximum absolute phase error.

Table1. Amplitude, Offset of Balance Detected Photocurrent, and Phase Error between the In-Phase and Quadrature Components

Table2. Performance Metrics of Mode Demultiplexer and Optical 90-deg Hybrid

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Mode demultiplexing hybrids for mode-division multiplexing coherent receivers Download： 726次

Fig. 2. Phase patterns of the designed phase plates and simulated beam intensity profiles right after each phase plate.

Fig. 3. Amplitude and phase retardation of output beam slice along the mirror symmetric line for the (a) LP11e mode, (b) LP11o mode, (c) LP01 mode, and the LO.

Fig. 4. Cross-correlation matrix of the normalized output field to ideal output field for different inputs. The four diagonal elements are the correlations of the LP01 mode, LP11o mode, LP11e mode, and the LO.

Fig. 5. (a) Photocurrent with balanced detection as a function of the phase shift of the input mode; in-phase versus quadrature components of the photocurrents (b) before and (c) after DC offset removal and amplitude rescaling.

Fig. 6. Performance of a three-mode MDH as a function of the number of phase plates. (a) Insertion loss and mode-dependent loss, (b) phase deviation, and (c) intra-port power uniformity.

Fig. 7. (a) The IL and MDL, (b) power coupling efficiency, (c) the maximum intra-port power uniformity, and (d) the maximum absolute phase error as a function of the operating wavelength ranging from 1.5 to 1.6 μm, respectively.

Fig. 8. MDH performance at phase retardation resolution of the phase plates from 2 to 8 bits. (a) The IL and MDL, (b) power coupling efficiency, (c) the maximum intra-port power uniformity, and (d) the maximum absolute phase error.

Fig. 9. MDH performance at different pixel sizes. (a) The IL and MDL, (b) power coupling efficiency, (c) the maximum intra-port power uniformity, and (d) the maximum absolute phase error.

Table1. Amplitude, Offset of Balance Detected Photocurrent, and Phase Error between the In-Phase and Quadrature Components

Table2. Performance Metrics of Mode Demultiplexer and Optical 90-deg Hybrid

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