光电跟踪仪光轴平行性要求与跟踪瞄准精度、激光测距传感器照射激光光束发散角、激光回波接收系统探测视场有关, 尤其是对于小目标, 还与激光测距作用距离和探测概率有关。从光电跟踪仪激光测距原理和指标要求出发, 分析照射光束能量分布特点, 考虑温度、振动等环境因素和变调焦引起的光轴稳定性误差, 提出了光电跟踪仪光轴平行性要求的计算方法。同时根据工程实践考虑光电传感器原位更换和现场标校的维修性, 建立了光轴平行性误差分配模型, 讨论了各随机误差项、各标校残余误差项的一般控制要求和估计方法, 为光电跟踪仪设计分析、制造工艺、维修性改进提供参考。

The precision of tracking and targeting, the divergence angle of the laser beam emitted by the laser ranging sensor, the detection field of the laser echo receiving system, particularly for small targets also related to the range and detection probability of laser ranging are all factors that influence the requirement of parallelism of the optical axis of the optoelectronic tracker. This paper examines the properties of energy distribution of illuminated beam, takes into account temperature, vibration, and other environmental factors, as well as the optical axis stability error caused by variable focusing, and proposes the calculation method of optical axis parallelism requirements of optoelectric tracker based on the principle and index requirements of laser ranging of optoelectronic tracker. Moreover, the optical axis parallelism error distribution model is established, and the general control requirements and estimation methods of each random error term and each calibration residual error term are discussed. This information serves as a guide for the design and analysis, manufacturing process, and maintainability improvement of the optoelectric sensors while taking into account their maintainability for in-place replacement and field calibration.