提出了一种新结构的X波段五腔渡越管振荡器,进行了理论和实验研究.根据场分布进行了一维非线性分析,结果表明该结构可以产生高功率微波,并判断了工作模式,为TM₀₁模的3π/5模.采用粒子模拟验证了一维非线性分析的结论,并优化设计出五腔渡越管振荡器,优化结果为:输出功率约1 GW, 工作频率9.3 GHz,束波转换效率约22%.实验中,通过参数调节,得到频率约9.25 GHz,峰值功率约780 MW,脉宽(半高宽)21 ns的输出微波,束波转换效率约为16%.实验结果与模拟结果基本符合.

This paper is mainly concerned about the theoretical and experimental research of a novel high-power microwave device of the X-band five-unit Transit-time Tube Oscillator (TTTO), which is based on the transit-time effect. Firstly, the structure model of this kind of oscillator is put forward, and the high-frequency characteristics of the resonator (or cavities) are investigated, which is TM₀₁-3π/5 mode. Secondly, resorting to the one-dimension analysis, the interactions between the electrons and the field of different modes in the resonator are researched. It shows that this TTTO can generate high power microwave. Thirdly, this TTTO is simulated, optimized and designed by the particle simulation code. Finally, the experimental research is carried out. After a series of adjustment, employing an annular electron beam of 700 kV, 7 kA and 40 ns duration, the microwave of over 780 MW of peak power with 21 ns of duration and 16% of efficiency at 9.25 GHz, can be generated.