镍铁铝混合粉末的激光熔覆冶金研究

为了利用高能激光束将镍、铁、铝金属单质的混合粉末快速熔融, 得到高性能的镍铁铝合金, 并直接用于熔覆, 采用激光3-D打印的金属粉末成型的方法, 用一台中低功率的光纤激光器, 以工程中常用的轧制不锈钢板为基底, 研究了一定比例的镍、铁、铝混合粉末的熔覆冶金情况。通过优化激光工艺参量(激光频率、扫描速率、激光功率和离焦量)组合, 得到了质量良好的单道熔覆结果。通过激光共聚焦显微镜、晶相显微镜以及扫描电子显微镜等检测手段, 对熔覆条的宏观形貌和微观组织进行观察。结果表明, 可获得良好的无气孔无裂纹的合金组织, 且合金与基板形成了良好的冶金结合; 熔覆层硬度低于基板硬度30HV左右, 但截面硬度分布均匀。该研究有助于得到各向性质统一的冶金层。

Abstract

In order to obtain high-performance Ni-Fe-Al alloy from nickel, iron and aluminum elemental powder, based on the molding process of 3-D laser printing for mixed metal powder, a medium-low-power fiber laser was used to study the cladding metallurgy of a certain percentage of nickel, iron and aluminum mixed powder through a series of laser cladding experiments on stainless steel and high temperature nickel-based alloy substrates respectively. During the experiment, the combination of laser parameters (laser frequency, scanning speed, laser power and defocus amount) was optimized and a good single track cladding result was obtained. Its macro-morphology and microstructure were observed by using a laser scanning confocal microscope, a metallographic microscope, a scanning electron microscopy and other means of detection respectively. It is found that, a good alloy without pores and cracks is obtained and a good metallurgical bond is formed with the substrate. The hardness of the cladding layer is 30HV lower than that of the substrate, but the hardness is uniform in the section. The study result is helpful to obtain an isotropic metallurgical layer.

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昝少平, 焦俊科, 王强, 陶俊, 张文武. 镍铁铝混合粉末的激光熔覆冶金研究[J]. 激光技术, 2018, 42(1): 131. ZAN Shaoping, JIAO Junke, WANG Qiang, TAO Jun, ZHANG Wenwu. Study on laser cladding metallurgy of Ni-Fe-Al mixed powder[J]. Laser Technology, 2018, 42(1): 131.

镍铁铝混合粉末的激光熔覆冶金研究

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