Photonics Research, 2020, 8 (9): 090000B1, Published Online: Aug. 18, 2020
Topological photonic crystal of large valley Chern numbers 
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Fig. 1. (a) Schematic of 2D PC structure, composed of hexamers of six ferrite rods and embedded in the air background. The white lines denote the edge of a unit cell. (b) Band structure of the PC at R = a / 3 Γ
Fig. 2. (a) Band structures of the PC at R 1 = a / 3 R 2 = a / 2.26 K K ′ C v = C k − C k ′ = 1 − ( − 1 ) = 2
Fig. 3. Topological edge state of valley Chern number C v = 2 | Δ C v | = 2 K ( K ′ ) E z A B Z E z
Fig. 4. Band structures, phase and power flow distribution, and corresponding Berry curvature of the PC, where R 1 a / 3 R 2 = a / 2.36 C v = − 3 R 2 = a / 4.2 C v = 3 R 2 = a / 4.8 C v = 1
Fig. 5. Electric field distribution in momentum space. (a) Chiral sources carry positive and negative OAM. Colors are the phase of electric field excited by the source in the center. Arrows show the direction of OAM: the counterclockwise arrow represents the positive OAM and the clockwise arrow represents the negative one. (b) Field excited by the chiral source with positive OAM, where the field is strongly localized at point K K ′ K K ′
Fig. 6. Variation of the valley frequency with varying R 2 R 1 C v
Fig. 7. Topological edge state of valley Chern number of C v = 1 | Δ C v | = 1 K ( K ′ ) E z Z | Δ C v | = 1 K ( K ′ ) E z
Xiang Xi, Kang-Ping Ye, Rui-Xin Wu. Topological photonic crystal of large valley Chern numbers[J]. Photonics Research, 2020, 8(9): 090000B1.
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