Compact, submilliwatt, 2 × 2 silicon thermo-optic switch based on photonic crystal nanobeam cavities

Huanying Zhou; Ciyuan Qiu; Xinhong Jiang; Qingming Zhu; Yu He; Yong Zhang; Yikai Su; Richard Soref

doi:doi:10.1364/PRJ.5.000108

Photonics Research, 2017, 5 (2): 02000108, Published Online: Sep. 26, 2018

Compact, submilliwatt, 2 × 2 silicon thermo-optic switch based on photonic crystal nanobeam cavities

Huanying Zhou ¹Ciyuan Qiu ^1,3,*Xinhong Jiang ¹Qingming Zhu ¹Yu He ¹Yong Zhang ¹Yikai Su ^1,4,*Richard Soref ²

Author Affiliations

¹ State Key Lab of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

² Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, USA

³ e-mail: qiuciyuan@sjtu.edu.cn

⁴ e-mail: yikaisu@sjtu.edu.cn

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic diagram of the proposed 2×2 TO switch based on dual PCN cavities. The phase difference between the two arms (Φ1−Φ2) is equal to π. (b) Cross-section view of the coupled region in one half of the proposed 2×2 TO switch.

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Fig. 2. (a) Calculated electric field distribution of a single PCN 3W structure at the resonant wavelength based on 2.5D variational FDTD simulation. (b) Simulated transmission spectra of a single PCN 3W structure.

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Fig. 3. (a) Micrograph of the fabricated 2×2 TO switch based on dual PCN 3W structures. (b) SEM image of the fabricated PCN 3W structure. (c) Device after wire bonding to a PCB.

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Fig. 4. Transmission spectra of a fabricated single PCN 3W structure in through (red solid), drop (green solid), and add (blue dash) ports. Note that the transmissions are normalized to a reference waveguide and the same to the below measured transmission spectra.

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Fig. 5. (a) Transmission spectra of the fabricated 2×2 TO switch based on dual PCN 3W structures with the unaligned wavelength state (solid lines) and the aligned wavelength state (lines with symbols). (b) Transmission spectra of the fabricated 2×2 TO switch based on dual PCN 3W structures with a π phase difference at through (red line)/drop (blue line)/add (green line) ports.

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Fig. 6. (a) Transmission spectra of the fabricated 2×2 TO switch based on dual PCN 3W structures with various applied powers (P1,P2,P3) at the through ports (solid lines) and the drop ports (lines with symbols). (b) Fitting curve of the resonance wavelength shift of 2×2 TO switch based on dual PCN 3W structures as a function of the applied power.

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Table1. Comparisons of the Operation Performances of Various Silicon TO Switches

Types	Device Footprint	Thermal Tuning Efficiency	Switching Power
Adiabatic bend-based MZI [28]	$\sim 5000 {μm}^{2}$	–	12.7 mW
MRR [29]	$\sim 400 {μm}^{2}$	0.25 nm/mW	3.3 mW
MZI [30]	$> 10000 {μm}^{2}$	–	30 mW
Dual MRRs [31]	$\sim 1000 {μm}^{2}$	0.9 nm/mW	6.8 mW
Photonic crystal [32]	$35 μm \times 10 μm$	0.63 nm/mW	18.2 mW
2D waveguide-based MZI [33]	$42 μm \times 42 μm$	–	26 mW
Our work	$30 μm \times 150 μm$	1.23 nm/mW	0.16 mW

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Huanying Zhou, Ciyuan Qiu, Xinhong Jiang, Qingming Zhu, Yu He, Yong Zhang, Yikai Su, Richard Soref. Compact, submilliwatt, 2 × 2 silicon thermo-optic switch based on photonic crystal nanobeam cavities[J]. Photonics Research, 2017, 5(2): 02000108.

Compact, submilliwatt, 2 × 2 silicon thermo-optic switch based on photonic crystal nanobeam cavities

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic diagram of the proposed 2×2 TO switch based on dual PCN cavities. The phase difference between the two arms (Φ1−Φ2) is equal to π. (b) Cross-section view of the coupled region in one half of the proposed 2×2 TO switch.

Fig. 2. (a) Calculated electric field distribution of a single PCN 3W structure at the resonant wavelength based on 2.5D variational FDTD simulation. (b) Simulated transmission spectra of a single PCN 3W structure.

Fig. 3. (a) Micrograph of the fabricated 2×2 TO switch based on dual PCN 3W structures. (b) SEM image of the fabricated PCN 3W structure. (c) Device after wire bonding to a PCB.

Fig. 4. Transmission spectra of a fabricated single PCN 3W structure in through (red solid), drop (green solid), and add (blue dash) ports. Note that the transmissions are normalized to a reference waveguide and the same to the below measured transmission spectra.

Table1. Comparisons of the Operation Performances of Various Silicon TO Switches

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Compact, submilliwatt, 2 × 2 silicon thermo-optic switch based on photonic crystal nanobeam cavities

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic diagram of the proposed 2×2 TO switch based on dual PCN cavities. The phase difference between the two arms (Φ1−Φ2) is equal to π. (b) Cross-section view of the coupled region in one half of the proposed 2×2 TO switch.

Fig. 2. (a) Calculated electric field distribution of a single PCN 3W structure at the resonant wavelength based on 2.5D variational FDTD simulation. (b) Simulated transmission spectra of a single PCN 3W structure.

Fig. 3. (a) Micrograph of the fabricated 2×2 TO switch based on dual PCN 3W structures. (b) SEM image of the fabricated PCN 3W structure. (c) Device after wire bonding to a PCB.

Fig. 4. Transmission spectra of a fabricated single PCN 3W structure in through (red solid), drop (green solid), and add (blue dash) ports. Note that the transmissions are normalized to a reference waveguide and the same to the below measured transmission spectra.

Table1. Comparisons of the Operation Performances of Various Silicon TO Switches

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