中红外大气背景辐射测量系统及误差分析 
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Measurement System and Error Analysis of Mid-Infrared Atmospheric Background Radiation
1 中国科学院云南天文台天文光电实验室, 云南 昆明 650216
2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
3 云南师范大学物理与电子信息学院, 云南 昆明 650504
4 云南北方驰宏光电有限公司, 云南 昆明 650217
图 & 表
图 1. 望远镜制冷组件结构设计图
Fig. 1. Structural design drawing of refrigeration module in telescope
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图 2. 抽样样本时域分布
Fig. 2. Time-domain distribution of samples
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图 3. 怀柔观测站实测(a)环境温度数据和(b)温度差值
Fig. 3. (a) Ambient temperature data and (b) temperature difference measured at Huairou observatory
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图 4. 三个天文台站大气背景辐射亮度的时间序列图
Fig. 4. Time sequences of atmospheric background radiation intensity in three astronomical observatories
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图 5. 德令哈观测站背景辐射亮度的时间序列图
Fig. 5. Time sequence of atmospheric background radiation intensity in Delingha observatory
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表 1中波红外探测器参数
Table1. Parameters of mid-infrared detector
| Detector type | Wavelength range /μm | Pixel number /(pixel×pixel) | Pixel size /(10-5 m) | Cooling means | Noise equivalent temperature difference /℃ |
|---|
| HgCdTe | 3.7-4.8 | 320×256 | 3×105 | Stirling refrigeration | 0.01 |
|
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表 2常温黑体的性能参数
Table2. Characteristic parameters of common temperature blackbody
| Parameter | Temperature range /℃ | Emissivity | Temperature stability /℃ | Temperature inhomogeneity /℃ | Temperature accuracy /℃ | Effective radiation area /cm2 |
|---|
| Value | 0-125 | 0.97±0.02 | ±0.003 | ±0.01 | ±0.008 | 400 |
|
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表 3黑体控温精度造成的相对误差
Table3. Relative error resulting from temperature control precision of blackbody
| Temperature /℃ | Integrated radiance /(10-6 W·cm-2·sr-1) | Relative error /% |
|---|
| -0.008 | 9.9944 | -0.0330 | | 0 | 9.9977 | 0 | | 0.008 | 1.0001 | 0.0330 |
|
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表 4数据采集误差
Table4. Data acquisition errors
| Environmental temperature /℃ | Target temperature /℃ | Error /% | Environmental temperature /℃ | Target temperature /℃ | Error /% |
|---|
| 0 | 0.0163 | | 0 | 0.0687 | | 5 | 0.0320 | | 5 | 0.0304 | | -25.0 | 10 | 0.0260 | 15.0 | 10 | 0.0114 | | 15 | 0.0311 | | 15 | 0.0073 | | 20 | 0.0378 | | 20 | 0.0073 | | 0 | 0.0558 | | 0 | 0.0542 | | 5 | 0.0511 | | 5 | 0.0508 | | -10.0 | 10 | 0.0349 | 21.0 | 10 | 0.0192 | | 15 | 0.0366 | | 15 | 0.0368 | | 20 | 0.0231 | | 20 | 0.0075 | | 0 | 0.0672 | | 0 | 0.0611 | | 5 | 0.0614 | | 5 | 0.0586 | | 5.0 | 10 | 0.0199 | 28.5 | 10 | 0.0172 | | 15 | 0.0256 | | 15 | 0.0285 | | 20 | 0.0124 | | 20 | 0.0118 |
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表 5数据处理误差
Table5. Data processing errors
| No. | Environmental temperature /℃ | Verification temperature /℃ | Verification value /(10-5 W·cm-2·sr-1) | Measurement value /(10-5 W·cm-2·sr-1) | Error /% |
|---|
| 1 | -40 | 17 | 1.9787 | 1.9328 | 2.3754 | | 2 | -40 | 18 | 2.0539 | 2.0042 | 2.4709 | | 3 | -40 | 19 | 2.1241 | 2.0781 | 2.2134 | | 4 | -40 | 21 | 2.2784 | 2.2322 | 2.0709 | | 5 | 20 | 0 | 9.9978 | 0.9998 | 0.0008 | | 6 | 20 | 8 | 1.3796 | 1.3770 | 0.1873 | | 7 | 20 | 15 | 1.8011 | 1.7958 | 0.2987 |
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表 6外推误差估计结果
Table6. Estimation results of extrapolation errors
| Means | Calibration temperature /℃ | Verification temperature /℃ | Verification value /(W·cm-2·sr-1) | Measurement value /(W·cm-2·sr-1) | Error /% |
|---|
| 1 | 0-20 | 30 | 3.0440×10-5 | 3.0690×10-5 | 0.8154 | | | 62.75 | 8.1801×10-5 | 8.2513×10-5 | 0.8631 | | 2 | 62.75-82.75 | 82.75 | 1.3681×10-4 | 1.3810×10-4 | 0.9348 | | | 0 | 9.9977×10-6 | 1.1237×10-5 | 12.397 |
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陈双远, 许方宇, 王飞翔, 袁晓伟, 罗志远, 陈骥, 罗永芳. 中红外大气背景辐射测量系统及误差分析[J]. 光学学报, 2019, 39(3): 0301001. Shuangyuan Chen, Fangyu Xu, Feixiang Wang, Xiaowei Yuan, Zhiyuan Luo, Ji Chen, Yongfang Luo. Measurement System and Error Analysis of Mid-Infrared Atmospheric Background Radiation[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2019, 39(3): 0301001.
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