最近几年，具有非圆对称边界形状的光学微腔，即非对称微腔，已经成为微纳光子学领域中的一个重要研究方向。非对称微腔打破了常规回音壁光学微腔的边界圆对称性，使得回音壁模式的辐射具有明显方向性，无需借助外部耦合器件即能有效地同环境交换能量，有望应用于制作集成光学器件和实现自由空间光互联。概要介绍了非对称微腔中的最新研究进展，包括高准直定向发射、高效的自由空间光激发、棘轮形非对称腔以及三维非对称腔4个研究方向，概述其基本原理并展望了未来的发展。

Recently, whispering-gallery modes in an optical microcavity gradually become an important area of research owing to its high quality factor, small mode volumes and on-chip characteristics. The cavity without circular symmetry, which is called asymmetric microcavity, is a significant branch of microcavity research. The asymmetric microcavity breaks rounded symmetry, so the cavity has directional radiation. It couples with external environment efficiently. It may be used in integrated optics and free space optical interconnects. We review the research progress of asymmetric microcavity, including directional emission of high collimation, efficient free space excitation, ratchet microcavity, and three-dimensional asymmetric microcavity. The basic principles and the prospect development are also outlined.