由于衍射极限的存在，传统的光学成像手段无法观测细胞器结构及细胞器之间的相互作用。单分子定位显微成像技术作为三种超分辨技术中分辨率最高的成像技术，为生命科学领域的研究提供了重要手段。大视场高通量单分子成像技术具有分辨率高、成像范围大和成像时间短等特点，在生物医学领域广泛用于观察和分析复杂的生物结构和功能。从基于硬件扫描的拼接成像技术、基于大面阵sCMOS的大视场高通量成像技术、大景深单分子定位成像技术、高通量数据分析技术4个方面回顾近年来大视场高通量单分子定位技术的研究进展。最后，对大视场高通量单分子定位成像技术的发展方向进行展望。

The diffraction limit prevents traditional optical imaging methods from observing organelle structures and interaction between the organelles. As the imaging technique with the highest resolution among the three super-resolution techniques, single-molecule localization microscopy is an important tool for research in the field of life science. Single-molecule imaging technology with a large field of view and high throughput has been widely used in the biomedical field to observe and analyze complex biological structures and functions due to its high resolution, wide imaging range, and short imaging time. In this paper, the recent research progress of high-throughput single-molecule localization microscopy with a large field of view is reviewed from four perspectives: hardware scanning-based mosaic imaging technology, large-array sCMOS large-field-of-view high-throughput imaging technology, large-depth single-molecule positioning imaging technology, and high-throughput data analysis technology. Finally, the development direction for the large-field-of-view high-throughput single-molecule localization microscopy is prospected.