为实现针对深孔内表面几何形状的高精度三维重构, 搭建了一套基于结构光的三维检测系统。首先, 介绍了该检测系统的构成及相关测量原理, 并验证了在某一确定范围内图像距离与实际距离近似呈线性关系, 该论断为后续检测奠定了坚实的理论基础; 然后, 针对深孔模型实物以及对应的内表面展开成平面模型分别进行结构光检测, 从而验证了检测方案的可行性以及检测系统的实际效果。结果表明: 该检测方案在理论上可行, 在实际应用中系统的检测精度能够达到亚像素水平, 绝对偏差控制在0.034 7 mm的范围内; 最后, 在实际应用于深孔类零部件内表面检测的过程中, 实现了针对该零部件内表面几何形状的高精度三维重构。

In order to realize the high precision 3D reconstruction for deep-hole inner surface geometry, a 3D measurement system was built based on the structured light. First, the constitution and relevant measurement principle of the system were introduced, the assertion was proved that the distance between the image and the actual was approximately linear in a given range. The assertion lays a solid theoretical foundation for the following measurement. Then, the deep-hole model object and the model in which the corresponding inner surface was unfolded into a plane which were measured using the structured light. The measurement proves the feasibility of the measurement scheme and the actual effect of the measurement system. The measurement results show that the measurement scheme is feasible in theory, the measurement accuracy of the system can reach sub-pixel in practical applications and the absolute deviation is controlled within 0.034 7 mm range. Finally, in the actual measurement of the inner surface of the deep-hole parts inner surface, the high precision 3D reconstruction for deep-hole inner surface geometry was realized.