激光粉末床熔融制备金属骨植入物

尹浜兆; 秦瑜; 温鹏; 郑玉峰; 田耘

doi:doi:10.3788/CJL202047.1100001

中国激光, 2020, 47 (11): 1100001, 网络出版: 2020-11-02

激光粉末床熔融制备金属骨植入物下载： 1442次

Laser Powder Bed Fusion for Fabrication of Metal Orthopedic Implants

尹浜兆 ^1,2秦瑜 ^1,2温鹏 ^1,2郑玉峰 ³田耘 ⁴

作者单位

¹ 清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室, 北京100084

² 清华大学机械工程系, 北京 100084

³ 北京大学工学院材料科学与工程系, 北京 100871

⁴ 北京大学第三医院骨科, 北京 100191

图 & 表

图 1. 采用GA法制备的金属粉末的SEM图像。(a) Ti6Al4V合金^[22];(b) CoCrMo合金^[23];(c) 316L不锈钢^[24]

Fig. 1. SEM images showing metal powers prepared by gas atomization method. (a) Ti6Al4V alloy^[22]; (b) CoCrMo alloy^[23]; (c) 316L stainless steel^[24]

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图 2. L-PBF制造的骨科植入物。(a) Ti6Al4V髋臼杯^[25];(b)钽膝关节植入物^[26];(c) WE43颌骨植入物^[27];(d)纯锌髋关节植入物^[29]

Fig. 2. Orthopedics implants manufactured by L-PBF. (a) Ti6Al4V acetabular cup^[25]; (b) tantalum knee joint implant^[26]; (c) WE43 jaw implant^[27]; (d) pure zinc hip joint implant^[29]

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图 3. 激光能量输入对致密度的影响^[37-45]

Fig. 3. Influence of laser energy input on densification^[37-45]

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图 4. 医用金属激光增材制造成形件的拉伸性能^{[20-21,51-67]}

Fig. 4. Tensile properties of medical metals manufactured by L-PBF^{[20-21,51-67]}

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图 5. L-PBF制备的金属骨科植入物^[15]

Fig. 5. Metal orthopedic implants manufactured by L-PBF^[15]

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表 1常见医用金属的热物性参数^[36]

Table1. Thermal physical parameters of common medical metals^[36]

Parameter	Value
Parameter	Zn	Mg	Fe	Ti	Ta
Crystal structure	hcp	hcp	bcc/fcc	hcp/bcc	bcc
Density (20 ℃) /(g·cm^-3)	7.14	1.74	7.874	4.5	16.65
Melt point (at 101325 Pa) /℃	419.5	650	1538	1660	2996
Boil point (at 101325 Pa) /℃	907	1091	2862	3287	5425
Heat conductivity (20 ℃) /(W·m^-1·K^-1)	113	158	80
Heat capacity (20 ℃) /(J·kg^-1·K^-1)	382	1360	444
Surface tension (melting) /(mN·m^-1)	782	559	1835	1588	2150
Viscosity (melting) /(mPa·s)	3.85	1.25	6.93	4.54
Oxidation	Low	High	Low	Mid	Mid

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表 2L-PBF制造的不可降解金属力学性能

Table2. Mechanical properties of non-biodegradable metals built by L-PBF

Material	Densification /%	Tensilestrength /MPa	Elongation /%	Hardness /HV	Elasticitymodulus /GPa	Reference
CP-Ti	99.5	757	19.5	224	105	[56]
Ti6Al4V	99.4	1170	11	364	120	[54]
Ti-25Nb	99	748	19.9	264	83.5	[57]
Ti30Nb5Ta3Zr	99.2	680	15.3	279	59.5	[55]
316LSS	99.5	584	41.9	225	167	[58]
Co28Cr6Mo	99	1070	14.3	570	-	[56]
Co29Cr9W3Cu	99	1038	12.5	571	-	[57]
Ta	99.6	310	30	120	185	[83]

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表 3不同方法制造的可降解镁合金和锌合金的晶粒尺寸和力学性能

Table3. Grain size and mechanical properties of biodegradable Zn and Mg-based alloys manufactured by different methods

Process	Material	Density /%	Grain size /μm	Tensile strength /MPa	Elongation /%
	WE43^[76]	99.8	1.1	308	12.2
L-PBF	Pure Zn^[74]	99.9	5.6	134	10.4
	Pure Zn^[20]	97.4	-	61.3	1.7
	Zn-2WE43^[21]	99.9	2	299	1.8
	WE43^[76]	-	1.3	307	22.4
Extrusion	Pure Zn^[106]	-	20	100	7.5
	Pure Zn^[69]	-	<10	167	39
	Zn-0.8Mg^[69]	-	<10	380	10
Casting	WE43^[76]	-	44.3	189	4.4
	Pure Zn^[107]	-	-	18	0.32

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尹浜兆, 秦瑜, 温鹏, 郑玉峰, 田耘. 激光粉末床熔融制备金属骨植入物[J]. 中国激光, 2020, 47(11): 1100001. Yin Bangzhao, Qin Yu, Wen Peng, Zheng Yufeng, Tian Yun. Laser Powder Bed Fusion for Fabrication of Metal Orthopedic Implants[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2020, 47(11): 1100001.

激光粉末床熔融制备金属骨植入物下载： 1442次

图 1. 采用GA法制备的金属粉末的SEM图像。(a) Ti6Al4V合金^[22];(b) CoCrMo合金^[23];(c) 316L不锈钢^[24]

Fig. 1. SEM images showing metal powers prepared by gas atomization method. (a) Ti6Al4V alloy^[22]; (b) CoCrMo alloy^[23]; (c) 316L stainless steel^[24]

图 2. L-PBF制造的骨科植入物。(a) Ti6Al4V髋臼杯^[25];(b)钽膝关节植入物^[26];(c) WE43颌骨植入物^[27];(d)纯锌髋关节植入物^[29]

Fig. 2. Orthopedics implants manufactured by L-PBF. (a) Ti6Al4V acetabular cup^[25]; (b) tantalum knee joint implant^[26]; (c) WE43 jaw implant^[27]; (d) pure zinc hip joint implant^[29]

图 3. 激光能量输入对致密度的影响^[37-45]

Fig. 3. Influence of laser energy input on densification^[37-45]

图 4. 医用金属激光增材制造成形件的拉伸性能^{[20-21,51-67]}

Fig. 4. Tensile properties of medical metals manufactured by L-PBF^{[20-21,51-67]}

图 5. L-PBF制备的金属骨科植入物^[15]

Fig. 5. Metal orthopedic implants manufactured by L-PBF^[15]

表 1常见医用金属的热物性参数^[36]

Table1. Thermal physical parameters of common medical metals^[36]

表 2L-PBF制造的不可降解金属力学性能

Table2. Mechanical properties of non-biodegradable metals built by L-PBF

表 3不同方法制造的可降解镁合金和锌合金的晶粒尺寸和力学性能

Table3. Grain size and mechanical properties of biodegradable Zn and Mg-based alloys manufactured by different methods

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激光粉末床熔融制备金属骨植入物 下载： 1442次

图 1. 采用GA法制备的金属粉末的SEM图像。(a) Ti6Al4V合金[22];(b) CoCrMo合金[23];(c) 316L不锈钢[24]

Fig. 1. SEM images showing metal powers prepared by gas atomization method. (a) Ti6Al4V alloy[22]; (b) CoCrMo alloy[23]; (c) 316L stainless steel[24]

图 2. L-PBF制造的骨科植入物。(a) Ti6Al4V髋臼杯[25];(b)钽膝关节植入物[26];(c) WE43颌骨植入物[27];(d)纯锌髋关节植入物[29]

Fig. 2. Orthopedics implants manufactured by L-PBF. (a) Ti6Al4V acetabular cup[25]; (b) tantalum knee joint implant[26]; (c) WE43 jaw implant[27]; (d) pure zinc hip joint implant[29]

图 3. 激光能量输入对致密度的影响[37-45]

Fig. 3. Influence of laser energy input on densification[37-45]

图 4. 医用金属激光增材制造成形件的拉伸性能[20-21,51-67]

Fig. 4. Tensile properties of medical metals manufactured by L-PBF[20-21,51-67]

图 5. L-PBF制备的金属骨科植入物[15]

Fig. 5. Metal orthopedic implants manufactured by L-PBF[15]

表 1常见医用金属的热物性参数[36]

Table1. Thermal physical parameters of common medical metals[36]

表 2L-PBF制造的不可降解金属力学性能

Table2. Mechanical properties of non-biodegradable metals built by L-PBF

表 3不同方法制造的可降解镁合金和锌合金的晶粒尺寸和力学性能

Table3. Grain size and mechanical properties of biodegradable Zn and Mg-based alloys manufactured by different methods

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激光粉末床熔融制备金属骨植入物下载： 1442次

图 1. 采用GA法制备的金属粉末的SEM图像。(a) Ti6Al4V合金^[22];(b) CoCrMo合金^[23];(c) 316L不锈钢^[24]

Fig. 1. SEM images showing metal powers prepared by gas atomization method. (a) Ti6Al4V alloy^[22]; (b) CoCrMo alloy^[23]; (c) 316L stainless steel^[24]

图 2. L-PBF制造的骨科植入物。(a) Ti6Al4V髋臼杯^[25];(b)钽膝关节植入物^[26];(c) WE43颌骨植入物^[27];(d)纯锌髋关节植入物^[29]

Fig. 2. Orthopedics implants manufactured by L-PBF. (a) Ti6Al4V acetabular cup^[25]; (b) tantalum knee joint implant^[26]; (c) WE43 jaw implant^[27]; (d) pure zinc hip joint implant^[29]

图 3. 激光能量输入对致密度的影响^[37-45]

Fig. 3. Influence of laser energy input on densification^[37-45]

图 4. 医用金属激光增材制造成形件的拉伸性能^{[20-21,51-67]}

Fig. 4. Tensile properties of medical metals manufactured by L-PBF^{[20-21,51-67]}

图 5. L-PBF制备的金属骨科植入物^[15]

Fig. 5. Metal orthopedic implants manufactured by L-PBF^[15]

表 1常见医用金属的热物性参数^[36]

Table1. Thermal physical parameters of common medical metals^[36]