建筑墙体的室内表面温度直接反映墙体的保温隔热性能,并且作为室内平均辐射温度的主要组成部分对室内热环境有重要影响.针对建筑工程中大量使用的空心砖墙体具有表面温度不均匀的特点,采用ThermaCAM P20型红外热像仪和ThermaCAM Reporter分析软件,研究应用红外热像法测量空心砖墙体的表面温度,分析空心砖墙体的温度特征以及空心砖、砌筑砂浆、配砖等组成材料对表面温度分布的影响.在高层住宅建筑工程现场,选择三层住宅的填充外墙位置,使用不同的烧结页岩空心砖、砌筑砂浆和配砖砌筑成三种空心砖墙体进行传热实验.通过采集三种烧结页岩空心砖墙体在冬季室内采暖条件下的内表面温度红外热像图,对比分析了两种空心砖和两种砂浆砌筑的墙体表面温度特性数据以及温度均匀性和温度频率分布.结果表明:提高空心砖和砌筑砂浆的保温性,能够有效提高墙体内表面温度,改善室内热环境;由保温砂浆代替水泥砂浆砌筑的节能型烧结页岩空心砖墙体,表面温度的不均匀性从0.6 ℃下降为0.4 ℃,并使表面温度频率分布发生变化,从非对称分布变为正态分布;随着表面温度均匀性的提高,平均温度所占的频率增大.本研究为空心砖墙体热功能的提高和优化提供了依据。

To address the characteristic of uneven surface temperature of hollow brick wall,the present research adopts soft wares of both ThermaCAM P20 and ThermaCAM Reporter to test the application of infrared thermal image technique in measuring surface temperature of hollow brick wall,and further analyzes the thermal characteristics of hollow brick wall,and building material’s impact on surface temperature distribution including hollow brick,masonry mortar,and so on.The research selects the construction site of a three-story-high residential,carries out the heat transfer experiment,and further examines the exterior wall constructed by 3 different hollow bricks including sintering shale hollow brick,masonry mortar and brick masonry.Infrared thermal image maps are collected,including 3 kinds of sintering shale hollow brick walls under indoor heating in winter;and temperature data of wall surface,and uniformity and frequency distribution are also collected for comparative analysis between 2 hollow bricks and 2 kinds of mortar masonry.The results show that improving heat preservation of hollow brick and masonry mortar can effectively improve inner wall surface temperature and indoor thermal environment;non-uniformity of surface temperature decreases from 0.6 to 0.4 ℃,and surface temperature frequency distribution changes from the asymmetric distribution into a normal distribution under the condition that energy-saving sintering shale hollow brick wall is constructed by thermal mortar replacing cement mortar masonry;frequency of average temperature increases as uniformity of surface temperature increases.This research provides a certain basis for promotion and optimization of hollow brick wall's thermal function.