We propose a metalens for coaxial double wavelength focusing. One focusing spot is a circular solid spot, and the other focusing spot is a doughnut-shaped spot that is circling the solid spot. The designed metalens was composed of a meta-molecular nanostructured cell array. Each meta-molecular nanostructured cell was divided into four squares. Two slots with exactly the same shape, but usually with the rotation angle measured clockwise from the positive x axis, are etched into the gold film in two diagonally connected squares. Another two slots with the same shape but with the rotation angle measured counter-clockwise from the positive x axis are etched into another two diagonally connected squares in the same cell. The lasers with two different wavelengths are transformed into right-handed and left-handed circularly polarized beams, respectively. The two sets of slots with different azimuthal rotations modulated the phases of incident right-handed and left-handed circularly polarized beams independently. The numerical simulation with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) software was carried out, and the experimental verification was also implemented. Both the experimental result and the numerical simulation agree well with the theoretical design.

In this Letter, we propose a simple and effective approach for transforming a conventional Talbot array illuminator (TAI) with multilevel phase steps into a binary-phase TAI (BP-TAI) through detour phase encoding. The BP-TAI is a binary (0 π) phase-only diffractive optical element, which can be utilized to generate a large-scale focal spots array with a high compression ratio. As an example, we design a square BP-TAI with the fraction parameter β = 15 for achieving a square multifocal lattice with a high compression ratio β². Theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that the detour phase encoding is efficient for designing the BP-TAI, especially with the high compression ratio. Such results may be exploited in practical large-scale optical trapping and X-ray imaging.

Based on the inverse Faraday effect, a super-long longitudinal magnetization needle can be induced by a transversely polarized needle-shaped electric field. This needle-shaped electric field can be obtained in the focal volume of the objective by focusing an azimuthally polarized vortex beam that is modulated both radially and azimuthally by a specifically designed annular phase filter. The numerical calculation shows that the full widths at half-maximums in longitudinal direction and in transverse direction of the magnetization needle are 28λ and 0.27λ. The corresponding needle aspect ratio of 103 is more than ten times larger than that of the magnetization needle fabricated by electron beam lithography.