锥束X射线发光断层(CB-XLCT)成像是一种可在生物体外对早期肿瘤进行有效检测的新型医学成像技术。稀疏角CB-XLCT成像加速了CB-XLCT技术的实时成像转化进程。然而,相对于传统多角度成像,稀疏角CB-XLCT成像的逆问题病态性明显加剧,这对传统成像方法的有效扩展提出了挑战。基于稀疏非凸L_p(0<p<1)模型,提出一种迭代重加权裂分增广拉格朗日收缩算法,进一步结合经典非凸算子提出一种鲁棒稳定的可行区域提取方法,进而作为优化的知识先验指导靶标的准确重建。设计了数字鼠和物理仿体实验,分别结合经典L₁范数和L₀范数的代表算法验证所提方法的有效性和稳健性。实验结果表明,所提方法不仅可有效求解稀疏角CB-XLCT成像逆问题,还具有良好的可扩展性。

As an emerging molecular imaging modality, cone-beam X-ray luminescence computed tomography (CB-XLCT) uses X-ray-excitable probes to produce near-infrared (NIR) luminescence and then reconstructs three-dimensional (3D) distribution of the probes from surface measurements. A proper photon-transportation model is critical to accuracy of XLCT. Here, we presented a systematic comparison between the common-used Monte Carlo model and simplified spherical harmonics (SPN). The performance of the two methods was evaluated over several main spectrums using a known XLCT material. We designed both a global measurement based on the cosine similarity and a locally-averaged relative error, to quantitatively assess these methods. The results show that the SP3 could reach a good balance between the modeling accuracy and computational e±ciency for all of the tested emission spectrums. Besides, the SP1 (which is equivalent to the diffusion equation (DE)) can be a reasonable alternative model for emission wavelength over 692 nm. In vivo experiment further demonstrates the reconstruction performance of the SP3 and DE. This study would provide a valuable guidance for modeling the photon-transportation in CB-XLCT.

锥束X射线发光断层成像(CB-XLCT)是一种新型分子影像模态, 对疾病的早期检测、靶向治疗以及药物研制等具有重要意义。然而, 通过传统的压缩感知理论反演生物体内纳米目标的三维分布时, 高维系统矩阵的强相关性会直接影响成像质量。基于非凸稀疏L1-2正则子, 将CB-XLCT的成像问题转化为一种新的稀疏重建模型。采用一种凸差分算法来解决非凸泛函最小化问题, 在每一步凸差分子迭代中采用一种带自适应惩罚项的交替方向乘子法进行高效求解。设计了单目标数字鼠仿体、双目标数字鼠仿体以及真实在体老鼠实验验证提出算法的有效性和稳健性, 并与五种常见正则子 (L1/2,L1,L2,TV和L0)进行对比和分析。实验结果表明, L1-2正则子的成像性能最优, 提出方法可以有效解决CB-XLCT的快速成像问题。