基于谐振腔内的非均匀介质对激光横模的耦合作用, 提出了一种用于计算谐振腔内稳定振荡模式的矩阵算法。激光横模在谐振腔内往返传播时, 其能量在非均匀介质的作用下发生耦合, 原本不相干的模式逐渐变得相干。经多次往返传播后, 各横模将按一定的能量比例线性叠加, 形成稳定振荡的模式。给出了非均匀介质耦合效应的耦合矩阵, 并将往返传播的激光场表示成向量形式, 用矩阵计算的方法对介质前后的光场变化进行计算。建立了一个稳定平凹腔模型, 对谐振腔内激光场的传播进行了矩阵计算, 在不同条件下计算得到了多个稳定振荡模式, 计算结果与理想模式符合得很好。该研究在一定程度上证明了非均匀介质耦合效应的存在, 并提供了一种新的快速计算谐振腔内稳定振荡模式的方法。

The fundamental transverse mode (TEM00 T is preferable for experimental and theoretical study on the laser-induced retinal injury effect, for it can produce the minimal retinal image and establish the most strict laser safety standards. But actually lasers with higher order mode were frequently used in both earlier and recent studies. Generally higher order mode leads to larger retinal spot size and so higher damage threshold, but there are few quantitative analyses on this problem. In this paper, a four-surface schematic eye model is established for human and macaque. The propagation of 532-nm laser in schematic eye is analyzed by the ABCD law of Gaussian optics. It is shown that retinal spot size increases with laser transverse mode order. For relative lower mode order, the retinal spot diameter will not exceed the minimum laser-induced retinal lesion (25 ~ 30 μm in diameter), and so has little effect on retinal damage threshold. While for higher order mode, the larger retinal spot requires more energy to induce injury and so the damage threshold increases. When beam divergence is lowered, the retinal spot size decreases correspondingly, so the effect of mode order can be compensated. The retinal spot size of macaque is slightly smaller than that of human and the ratio between them is independent of mode order. We conclude that the laser mode order has significant influence on retinal spot size but limited influence on the retinal injury effect.

分析了角锥棱镜对光束的相位变换作用,带二面角误差的角锥棱镜可等效于6块光楔的组合,其楔角的大小和方向由二面角误差决定.对在腔内往返传输的光线在镜面上的位置进行了分析,结果表明:3个二面角误差相同且不为零的角锥棱镜构成的谐振腔为约束非稳腔.用Fox-Li迭代法数值模拟得到了不同棱镜二面角误差情况下的谐振模式.模拟结果表明:圆形镜腔情况下基本振荡模式接近于TEM₀₃模的拉盖尔高斯光束;当3个二面角误差不相同时,模式中各个区域的强度分布不对称.采用3个二面角误差基本接近且绝对值较小的棱镜可以提高光束质量.