The solid solutions of the (1-x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO₃-xNa0.5K0.5NbO₃ system were produced by the conventional ceramic technology using mechanical activation of the synthesized product. It was found that in the (1-x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO₃-xNa0.5K0.5NbO₃ system at room temperature, a number of morphotropic phase transitions occur: rhombohedral → cubic → tetragonal → monoclinic phases. The introduction of a small amount of Na0.5K0.5NbO₃ leads to an increase in the temperature stability of the dielectric properties of ceramics. A change in the relaxor properties of the solid solutions of the (1-x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO₃-xNa0.5K0.5NbO₃ system was shown. The increase in energy density and energy efficiency was found at additive 10mol.% of Na0.5K0.5NbO₃.

We studied the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) on dielectric behavior of Na+ ion-conducting salt-complexed polymer nanocomposite system formed from a binary polymer blend of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), with the addition of both sodium metaperiodate (NaIO₄) at concentration 10wt.% and TiO₂ NPs of size ∼10nm, at concentrations 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5wt.%. Free standing nanocomposite PEO/PVP/NaIO₄/TiO₂ films (150μm) were characterized at room-temperature by analyzing their complex electrical impedance and dielectric spectra in the range 1Hz–1MHz. At the concentration of 3wt.% of TiO₂ NPs, both ion conductivity and dielectric permittivity of the PEO/PVP/NaIO₄/TiO₂ ion-conducting dielectrics reach an enhancement by more than one order of magnitude as compared to nanoadditive-free case.

Ferroelectric ceramics have the potential to be widely applied in the modern industry and military power systems due to their ultrafast charging/discharging speed and high energy density. Considering the structural design and electrical properties of ferroelectric capacitor, it is still a challenge to find out the optimal energy storage of ferroelectric ceramics during the phase-transition process of amorphous/nanocrystalline and polycrystalline. In this work, a finite element model suitable for the multiphase ceramic system is constructed based on the phase field breakdown theory. The nonlinear coupling relationship of multiple physical fields between multiphase ceramics was taken into account in this model. The basic structures of multiphase ceramics are generated by using the Voronoi diagram construction method. The specified structure of multiphase ceramics in the phase-transition process of amorphous/nanocrystalline and polycrystalline was further obtained through the grain boundary diffusion equation. The simulation results show that the multiphase ceramics have an optimal energy storage in the process of amorphous polycrystalline transformation, and the energy storage density reaches the maximum when the crystallinity is 13.96% and the volume fraction of grain is 2.08%. It provides a research plan and idea for revealing the correlation between microstructure and breakdown characteristics of multiphase ceramics. This simulation model realizes the nonlinear coupling of the multiphase ceramic mesoscopic structure and the phase field breakdown. It provides a reference scheme for the structural design and performance optimization of ferroelectric ceramics.

超导电缆相比于传统电缆具有导体无电阻损耗、传输容量大、可靠性高等优势，但作为其主绝缘的聚丙烯层压纸因具有较高的损耗因数导致超导电缆运行中的介质损耗大，增大冷却系统的负荷。采用具有低损耗因数的聚四氟乙烯滤纸取代聚丙烯层压纸中的牛皮纸层，通过热压法与聚丙烯膜形成具有两侧多孔可浸润液氮的三明治结构复合绝缘，测试结果表明超导电缆中以聚四氟乙烯/聚丙烯复合材料取代聚丙烯层压纸作为主绝缘，将使介质损耗降低一半以上。同时，由于聚四氟乙烯/聚丙烯复合材料与高温超导电缆中作为冷却剂的液氮间更小的介电常数差异以及液氮击穿的体积效应，采用具有更小孔径的聚四氟乙烯滤纸制成的低介损复合绝缘具有更强的抗局部放电的能力和更高的交流绝缘击穿强度，可极大提升高温超导电缆的绝缘可靠性。

光学薄膜广泛应用于光学仪器和测控技术中，充斥着我们生活的方方面面，使我们的生活更加丰富多彩。不同于常规的光学薄膜应用场景，本综述重点介绍如何将光学薄膜与光学显微成像结合起来。研究方案主要是：基于负载表面等离子体波的贵金属薄膜、具有光子带隙结构的介质多层薄膜，研制出应用于无标记显微探测的平面薄膜光子元件。得益于其平面结构特性与成熟的制作工艺，该类薄膜光子元件可兼容常规明场、宽场显微成像系统，可以作为被测样品的衬底或成像系统的插件。借助于薄膜与光波的近-远场相互作用特性，该器件可以调控系统的照明光场，如实现暗场照明、全内反射照明、边缘增强照明等。通过照明方式的改变，提升成像的对比度、探测灵敏度，进而发展出多模式、高灵敏度、高对比度、无标记光学显微成像与传感系统。为充分发挥该系统结构简单、宽场、高灵敏度、无标记成像的特点，将其应用于环境光子学领域，实现了真实大气环境中单个超细颗粒物吸湿增长过程的原位、实时、无损表征，有望为大气雾霾溯源与追因研究提供有力的科学支撑和技术工具。

表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）是一种高灵敏的分子振动指纹光谱技术。光辅助化学还原制备SERS衬底具有成本低、环境适用性强等优势，但在微纳结构多样化制造方面存在局限性，限制了SERS衬底的检出性能。笔者系统研究了介质微球独特的聚焦特性，揭示了微球直径对聚焦光场分布的调控规律，在微球底部实现了可控的光场空间分布，实现了多级银微纳结构的快速光还原合成。进一步，通过优化制备参数（前驱液浓度比、激光辐照功率及辐照时间），成功制备了具有优异拉曼增强效果的多级银纳米颗粒/银微环/介质微球（AgNPs/AgMRs/MS）复合结构。通过介质微球和多级银微纳结构（AgNPs/AgMRs）中的光场耦合，即微球聚焦、多级银微纳结构局域表面等离激元共振以及复合结构定向发射等，实现了10^-14 mol/L的痕量检测，增强因子可达9.50×10⁹，为光化学还原制备高性能介质-金属复合SERS衬底提供了新思路。

与金属超表面相比，全介质超表面具有较低的欧姆损耗和较尖锐的共振峰。提出了一种基于“θ”形全介质硅超表面的双参数传感器。通过增加空孔破坏周期单元结构的对称性，从而产生两个Fano共振峰，其中第一个Fano共振峰为连续域中的准束缚态（QBIC），两个峰的光谱对比度分别为71.4%和99.4%。利用商用多物理场仿真软件COMSOL对该超表面周期结构进行模拟仿真，结果表明，传感器在两个Fano共振峰处的折射率传感灵敏度分别为278.9 nm·RIU^-1和230.0 nm·RIU^-1，优值（FOM）最大为9387，品质因子（Q）最大为9735。本传感器能够同时实现折射率和温度的双参数测量，仿真结果显示两个共振峰的温度传感灵敏度分别为18.86 pm·℃^-1和42.71 pm·℃^-1。

由于恶劣的自然环境和光缆本身弧度的变化会影响全介质自承式(ADSS)光缆传输效率，同时一些如施工或超高车辆及烟火等环境隐患也会严重威胁其正常运行，提出了基于ADSS光缆弧垂在线监测及环境隐患预警算法。首先，采用倾角测量法对弧度进行实时监测；然后，对YOLOv4检测算法进行改进，并设计了可视化智能融合终端；最后，将所提算法与其它算法进行对比实验。实验结果表明：所提算法的平均精度为96.43%，实现了对通信光缆运行状态的实时监测、数据处理与故障分析和智能隐患异常报警,并集成融合为ADSS光缆在线监测可视化智能终端。