相变是调节材料性能的一种有效方法，在介电、光电、光致发光等领域有着广泛的应用。本文采用水热法合成未知相CsAgCl₂，并通过升温和Eu³⁺掺杂将CsAgCl₂从未知相转变为正交相。制备的Eu³⁺掺杂的CsAgCl₂具有较高的光学温度灵敏度，在荧光强度模式和荧光寿命模式下的最大相对灵敏度分别为3.63%·K^-1和3.20%·K^-1。结果表明，CsAgCl₂是一种很有前途的高灵敏度光学温度传感材料。

传统三氟乙酸金属有机化学溶液沉积法(TFA-MOD)制备YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ (YBCO)超导层, Ba倾向于与F结合, 从而避免BaCO₃的形成。本工作开展了新型基于BaCl₂/BaF₂途径的化学溶液法生长YBCO超导薄膜的研究。重点研究了添加Cl对YBCO薄膜晶粒取向、微观结构和超导性能的影响, 并通过生长反应的热化学计算, 分析了BaCl₂途径YBCO薄膜的物相转变机制。结果表明: 添加Cl有利于抑制a轴晶粒取向, 促进c轴晶粒成核。添加Cl的YBCO双层膜起始转变温度(T_c-onset)没有明显变化, 约为89.6 K, 其临界电流密度(J_c)显著提升, J_c达到2.07 MA/cm² (77 K, 自场)。此外, 生长反应过程的物相转变分析表明Cl优先与Ba结合形成BaCl₂, 有效避免BaCO₃的形成。本研究结果表明: 添加Cl对制备YBCO超导厚膜有促进作用, 这为MOD法制备YBCO提供了一种新思路。

从理论仿真计算方面开展了脉冲激光诱导CCD探测器铝层金属温升变化的液-固相变时间特性研究。通过傅里叶热传导方程计算仿真了纳秒激光诱导CCD探测器铝层金属材料的温升曲线，获得了铝层金属材料液-固相变起始时刻和液-固相变时间长度随激光脉冲峰值功率和激光入射角度的变化规律。理论计算结果表明，随着入射激光脉冲峰值功率增加，激光诱导CCD探测器铝层表面的最高温度逐渐升高，铝层材料的液-固相变起始时刻往后延迟，且液-固相变时间长度增加；随激光入射角度的增大，铝层表面的最高温度逐渐降低，液-固相变起始时刻不断前移，而液-固相变时间长度逐渐变短。研究结果表明，激光脉冲峰值功率密度和激光入射角对激光诱导CCD探测器的液-固相变时间特性有重要影响，对揭示纳秒激光诱导CCD探测器的热损伤机制有重要的理论意义。

Overview: With the development of modern manufacturing, the size of optical devices is gradually developing towards miniaturization, and integrated optics is also developing to become a topical area of research for many scholars. One of the methods used for producing micro/nano optical devices is femtosecond laser direct writing, a fine three-dimensional processing technique that has been extensively studied by many scholars for its applicability to most materials and can be applied to the fabrication of a wide range of optical devices. Micro/nano-optical devices prepared by femtosecond laser direct writing in crystals have been applied in a broad range of applications in different wavelengths. PMN-PT crystal with relaxed ferroelectric has attracted much attention in recent years for its superior piezoelectric property and large electromechanical coupling coefficient, and its application in the infrared band is more prominent, so the fabrication of the optical devices based on PMN-PT crystal has gradually become a relevant research hotspot. The LIPSS is one of the micro/nano-structures that can be processed by femtosecond laser direct writing. The LIPSS is prevalent in many materials and has been found in metals, semiconductors, dielectrics, etc. Similarly, LIPSS can be induced by femtosecond lasers in PMN-PT crystal. The LIPSS has a wide range of applications in the fields of anti-reflectivity, permanent coloration, and wettability. Nevertheless, the physical processes and the mechanisms involved in the formation of LIPSS have different interpretations in different materials. In this paper, we describe the LIPSS induced by femtosecond laser on the surface of the PMN-PT crystal and characterize it theoretically. We have achieved a change in the period of the LIPSS from 750 nm to 3000 nm after experimenting with different laser parameters. Afterward, we simultaneously obtained the phase transition of the LIPSS in PMN-PT crystal through temperature modulation, and this phase transition can be analyzed by the variation of the Raman spectra. At the same time, we have obtained the Curie temperature for the LIPSS structure that is approximately 10 ℃ lower than that of the PMN-PT crystal and have analyzed the phase transition process through the structural properties of the PMN-PT crystal. The results of our experiments and analyzes on the LIPSS in PMN-PT crystal reported in this paper can provide some experience for the subsequent development of the optical devices related to the LIPSS in PMN-PT crystal.

量子色动力学（Quantum Chromodynamics，QCD）在有限温度有限密度平面内具有丰富的相结构，关于相边界曲线、临界终点（Critical Endpoint，CEP）的位置以及各相的热力学性质、状态方程等的研究是目前理论和实验上的重点问题，寻找QCD相变信号，特别是确定CEP的位置，成为了相对论性重离子对撞机当前和未来实验计划的主要目标。本文简要小结在QCD的戴森-施温格方程（Dyson-Schwinger equation，DSE）方法框架下，关于手征对称性恢复相变和退禁闭相变研究的进展和主要结果，着重介绍关于DSE的截断方案的探索和完善、QCD相变的手征磁化率判据和推广的施温格（Schwinger）函数判据、及由之确定的手征和禁闭两种相变的相图。DSE方法预言的手征相变的CEP位置大致位于（T，μ_B）（110，600）MeV，与泛函重整化群等方法预言的结果一致。这些结果对于重离子对撞实验搜寻CEP信号具有指导价值。