1.6 µm附近波段激光不仅属于人眼安全波段，而且处于大气传输窗口，不仅如此，高重频、大能量的1.6 µm附近波段激光还可携带高分辨率、大数据量的信息远距离传输。近年来随着晶体制备和镜片镀膜工艺的提高，通过直接泵浦增益介质和频率转换技术获得1.6 µm附近波段的激光在重复频率、能量和光束质量等方面都得到了很大进展。首先，介绍了直接泵浦掺Er³⁺晶体、受激拉曼频移和光参量振荡产生1.6 µm附近波段激光的原理和研究进展；其次，总结了三种方案在获得1.6 µm附近波段激光的优点和缺点；最后，分析了它们在获得高重频、大能量1.6 µm附近波段激光的应用前景。针对光参量振荡输出激光光束质量较差的问题，文中进行分析并给出相应解决方法，最后对通过光参量振荡获得较好光束质量、高重频、大能量1.6 µm附近波段激光的发展前景进行了展望。

Microcombs are revolutionizing optoelectronics by providing parallel, mutually coherent wavelength channels for time-frequency metrology and information processing. To implement this essential function in integrated photonic systems, it is desirable to drive microcombs directly with an on-chip laser in a simple and flexible way. However, two major difficulties have prevented this goal: (1) generating mode-locked comb states usually requires a significant amount of pump power and (2) the requirement to align laser and resonator frequency significantly complicates operation and limits the tunability of the comb lines. Here, we address these problems by using microresonators on an AlGaAs on-insulator platform to generate dark-pulse microcombs. This highly nonlinear platform dramatically relaxes fabrication requirements and leads to a record-low pump power of <1 mW for coherent comb generation. Dark-pulse microcombs facilitated by thermally controlled avoided mode crossings are accessed by direct distributed feedback laser pumping. Without any feedback or control circuitries, the comb shows good coherence and stability. With around 150 mW on-chip power, this approach also leads to an unprecedentedly wide tuning range of over one free spectral range (97.5 GHz). Our work provides a route to realize power-efficient, simple, and reconfigurable microcombs that can be seamlessly integrated with a wide range of photonic systems.