Here, we discuss an important problem in medicine as development of effective strategies for brain drug delivery. This problem is related to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is a “customs” controlling the entrance of different molecules from blood into the brain protecting the normal function of central nervous system (CNS). We show three interfaces of anatomical side of BBB and two functional types of BBB — physical and transporter barriers. Although this protective mechanism is essential for health of CNS, it also creates a hindrance to the entry of drugs into the brain. The BBB was discovered over 100 years ago but till now, there is no effective methods for brain drug delivery. There are more than 70 approaches for overcoming BBB including physical, chemical and biological techniques but all of these tools have limitation to be widely used in clinical practice due to invasiveness, challenge in performing, very costly or limitation of drug concentration. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is usual clinical method of surgical navigation for the resection of brain tumor and anti-cancer therapy. Nowadays, the application of PDT is considered as a potential promising tool for brain drug delivery via opening of BBB. Here, we show the first successful experimental results in this field discussing the adventures and disadvantages of PDT-related BBB disruption as well as alternatives to overcome these limitations and possible mechanisms with new pathways for brain clearance via glymphatic and lymphatic systems.

为了验证微波调制激光技术进行速度测量的可靠性, 构建了一套通过微波调制激光技术测速的实验系统。利用激光作为载波, 微波作为模拟调制信号对激光信号进行强度调制,光电探测器对信号光强度进行直接探测。利用射频电路, 获得多普勒频移数据反演发射端和接收端相对运动速度。同时通过测量运动距离和时间计算平均运动速度, 作为第三方数据, 用于与微波调制激光技术测速的数据进行比较。理论分析了这套系统的原理并对其进行了实验验证。实验结果表明, 利用微波调制激光技术测速的数据与第三方数据平均偏差小于2.0%, 符合性好。

为了测试评估激光探测系统的有效作用距离,基于室内大气激光传输过程模拟,本文提出一种简易估计激光探测作用距离的方法,分析了大气传输的特性及室内模拟实现方法,模拟搭建了激光探测系统并对其进行了室内试验测试和外场实地验证,得到了一些有益参考数据,针对室内、外场试验数据偏差现象,定性分析了误差影响因素。试验结果表明,该方法简单、可行,可简易估计激光探测系统的作用距离,为外场测试提供参照范围,增强外场测试针对性进而提高测试效率,为测试评估激光探测系统作用距离提供了有益参考。