Being invisible ad libitum has long captivated the popular imagination, particularly in terms of safeguarding modern high-end instruments from potential threats. Decades ago, the advent of metamaterials and transformation optics sparked considerable interest in invisibility cloaks, which have been mainly demonstrated in ground and waveguide modalities. However, an omnidirectional flying cloak has not been achieved, primarily due to the challenges associated with dynamic synthesis of metasurface dispersion. We demonstrate an autonomous aeroamphibious invisibility cloak that incorporates a suite of perception, decision, and execution modules, capable of maintaining invisibility amidst kaleidoscopic backgrounds and neutralizing external stimuli. The physical breakthrough lies in the spatiotemporal modulation imparted on tunable metasurfaces to sculpt the scattering field in both space and frequency domains. To intelligently control the spatiotemporal metasurfaces, we introduce a stochastic-evolution learning that automatically aligns with the optimal solution through maximum probabilistic inference. In a fully self-driving experiment, we implement this concept on an unmanned drone and showcase adaptive invisibility in three canonical landscapes—sea, land, and air—with a similarity rate of up to 95%. Our work extends the family of invisibility cloaks to flying modality and inspires other research on material discoveries and homeostatic meta-devices.

针对单层硼烯吸光效率低的难题，提出了一种基于塔姆等离激元的硼烯近完美吸收器件，通过入射光直接激发高度局域的塔姆等离激元模式，深入研究了硼烯的近红外光学响应。仿真结果表明，所设计的硼烯/一维光子晶体结构能够有效提高硼烯的吸光效率，相比单层硼烯提升了一个数量级。同时器件在不同面内晶体方向上表现出强烈的各向异性。通过改变硼烯狄拉克电子密度，将器件在x和y偏振方向上的吸光效率提高至95.52%和96.63%，对应共振吸收波长为1 550 nm和1 607 nm。此外，通过改变一维光子晶体结构、氧化铝间隔层厚度及单层硼烯在间隔层中的位置等参数能够实现对吸收效率及吸收波长的灵活调控。该器件具有吸收效率高、工作波段可调等显著优点，可为发展下一代片上集成光电器件提供机遇。

Bioaerosols exhibit significant broadband extinction performance and have vital impacts on climate change, optical detection, communication, disease transmission, and the development of optical attenuation materials. Microbial spores and microbial hyphae represent two primary forms of bioaerosol particles. However, a comprehensive investigation and comparison of their optical properties have not been conducted yet. In this paper, the spectra of spores and hyphae were tested, and the absorption peaks, component contents, and protein structural differences were compared. Accurate structural models were established, and the optical attenuation parameters were calculated. Aerosol chamber experiments were conducted to verify the optical attenuation performance of microbial spores and hyphae in the mid-infrared and far-infrared spectral bands. Results demonstrate that selecting spores and hyphae can significantly reduce the average transmittance from 21.2% to 6.4% in the mid-infrared band and from 31.3% to 19.6% in the far-infrared band within three minutes. The conclusions have significant implications for the selection of high-performance microbial optical attenuation materials as well as for the rapid detection of bioaerosol types in research on climate change and the spread of pathogenic aerosols.

改进了描述光学材料强激光损伤的吸收波前模型，在原有模型的基础上引入了杂质缺陷吸收项，并将一维形式推广到了三维。利用改进后的吸收波前模型，数值模拟了红外单晶硅光学材料在波长1064 nm皮秒激光辐照时杂质源（以金属铁为例）附近材料的温度、损伤半径及损伤阈值等变化情况，并分析了光学材料初始温度对损伤阈值的影响规律。数值结果显示：（1）与传统的热传递模型不同，在损伤阈值附近，激光场能量密度从低于损伤到达到（或超出）损伤的微小变化导致温度场的巨大变化；（2）达到损伤能量密度后，杂质附近的最高温度及利用吸收波前表征的材料损伤半径随着辐照能量密度的增加近似线性增长；（3）激光损伤阈值随着材料初始温度的增加而降低。研究结果表明改进后的吸收波前模型可以较好地描述光学材料的杂质缺陷诱导强激光损伤：相比于传统的热超导模型，吸收波前模型可以更合理的表示损伤阈值附近温度场的突变，并可定量分析杂质诱导光学材料的强激光损伤尺寸。另外对单晶硅吸收波前模型的研究还显示提升材料的初始温度可以有效降低材料的强激光损伤阈值，这为提升光电对抗中光电探测器的激光损伤效率提供了一种思路。

胶接是一种较为常用的支撑方式，经常被用于红外透镜和镜框之间的连接，因此研究胶粘剂在各种环境下的力学性能对提高红外光学遥感器的环境适应能力具有极其重要的价值。选择锗和钛合金、硅和殷钢作为两组研究对象，使用环氧胶进行胶接，通过拉伸和剪切测试试验研究其力学性能。首先，介绍了力学性能的测试方法和流程。之后，在仿真分析的基础上，在三种不同环境下对两组测试对象分别进行拉伸和剪切强度测试，试验数据离散性较小，可信度较高。最后，对试验数据进行总结，发现环氧胶拉伸强度是剪切强度的1.4倍，可满足不同材料间胶接固定，具有良好环境适应性。所得到测试数据可作为红外光学遥感器的设计依据使用，应用价值较高。