In this study, three-dimensional porous magnesium ferrite/titanium dioxide/reduced graphene oxide (MgFe₂O₄-GM/TiO₂/rGO (MGTG)) was successfully synthesized via green and hydrothermal-supported co-precipitation methods using the extract of Garcinia mangostana (G. mangostana) as a reducing agent. The characterization results indicate the successful formation of the nano/micro MgFe₂O₄ (MFO) and TiO₂ on the structure of the reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which can also act as efficient support, alleviating the agglomeration of the nano/micro MFO and TiO₂. The synergic effects of the adsorption and photodegradation activity of the material were investigated according to the removal of crystal violet (CV) under ultraviolet light. The effects of catalyst dosage, CV concentration, and pH on the CV removal efficiency of the MGTG were also investigated. According to the results, the CV photodegradation of the MGTG-200 corresponded to the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The reusability of the material after 10 cycles also showed a removal efficiency of 92%. This happened because the materials can easily be recollected using external magnets. In addition, according to the effects of different free radicals ·O₂^?, h⁺, and ·OH on the photodegradation process, the photocatalysis mechanism of the MGTG was also thoroughly suggested. The antibacterial efficiency of the MGTG was also evaluated according to the inhibition of the Gram-positive bacteria strain Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Concurrently, the antibacterial mechanism of the fabricated material was also proposed. These results confirm that the prepared material can be potentially employed in a wide range of applications, including wastewater treatment and antibacterial activity.

光催化是一种绿色且高效的降解染料污染物的方式, 在水污染治理中应用广泛。本研究以SiO₂为核层, 依次采用氧化还原法、改进的Stöber法及水热法合成SiO₂@Ag@SiO₂@TiO₂多层核壳结构作为光催化剂用于染料污染物降解, 并探讨了硝酸银(AgNO₃)、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、钛酸四丁酯(TBOT)等用量对包覆效果的影响。采用不同表征手段对样品的微观形貌、物相结构、孔结构参数和光电性能进行分析表征。结果表明, 当AgNO₃、TEOS、TBOT与SiO₂的质量比为5 : 2.4 : 6 : 1, 多层核壳结构每层均达到最优包覆效果。与SiO₂@TiO₂和SiO₂@Ag@TiO₂催化剂相比较, SiO₂@Ag@SiO₂@TiO₂核壳结构的光催化剂具有更佳的光催化活性, 光照45 min可降解93%的MB溶液, 经4次循环后其光催化效率为90%。

光催化剂失活是影响其在去除低浓度VOCs的实际应用中的主要因素之一。本研究将TiO₂与2D石墨碳氮化碳(g-C₃N₄)复合, 显著提高了光催化剂的稳定性。当Ag改性的Ag-TiO₂(AT)用于降解乙醛气体时, 反应60 min后开始发生失活现象, 反应延长至400 min则完全失活。而AT与g-C₃N₄复合改性后的样品g-C₃N₄/ Ag-TiO₂(CAT)具有优异的光催化性能和稳定性, 反应至600 min未发生失活。原位FT-IR、PL和光电流的研究表明, 当AT催化降解乙醛时, 反应中间体会在表面积累导致催化剂失活。而引入的g-C₃N₄可以为中间体提供更多的吸附位点, 从而提高稳定性。此外, 引入g-C₃N₄还有利于电荷分离和产生活性氧物种, 促进乙醛和中间体降解。本研究揭示了2D材料在开发稳定可持续降解VOCs的光催化剂方面的实用性。