Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new and rapidly developing treatment modality for clinical cancer therapy. Semiconductor polymer dots (Pdots) doped with photosensitizers have been successfully applied to PDT, and have made progress in the field of tumor therapy. However, the problems of severe photosensitivity and limited tissue penetration depth are needed to be solved during the implementation process of PDT. Here we developed the Pdots doped with photosensitizer molecule Chlorin e6 (Ce6) and photochromic molecule 1,2-bis(2,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-3-thiophene)-3,3,4,5-hexafluoro-1-cyclopentene (BTE) to construct a photoswitchable nanoplatform for PDT. The Ce6-BTE-doped Pdots were in the green region, and the tissue penetration depth was increased compared with most Pdots in the blue region. The reversible conversion of BTE under different light irradiation was utilized to regulate the photodynamic effect and solve the problem of photosensitivity. The prepared Ce6-BTE-doped Pdots had small size, excellent optical property, efficient ROS generation and good photoswitchable ability. The cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and photodynamic effect of the Pdots were detected in human colon tumor cells. The experiments in vitro indicated that Ce6-BTE-doped Pdots could exert excellent photodynamic effect in ON state and reduce photosensitivity in OFF state. These results demonstrated that this nanoplatform holds the potential to be used in clinical PDT.Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new and rapidly developing treatment modality for clinical cancer therapy. Semiconductor polymer dots (Pdots) doped with photosensitizers have been successfully applied to PDT, and have made progress in the field of tumor therapy. However, the problems of severe photosensitivity and limited tissue penetration depth are needed to be solved during the implementation process of PDT. Here we developed the Pdots doped with photosensitizer molecule Chlorin e6 (Ce6) and photochromic molecule 1,2-bis(2,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-3-thiophene)-3,3,4,5-hexafluoro-1-cyclopentene (BTE) to construct a photoswitchable nanoplatform for PDT. The Ce6-BTE-doped Pdots were in the green region, and the tissue penetration depth was increased compared with most Pdots in the blue region. The reversible conversion of BTE under different light irradiation was utilized to regulate the photodynamic effect and solve the problem of photosensitivity. The prepared Ce6-BTE-doped Pdots had small size, excellent optical property, efficient ROS generation and good photoswitchable ability. The cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and photodynamic effect of the Pdots were detected in human colon tumor cells. The experiments in vitro indicated that Ce6-BTE-doped Pdots could exert excellent photodynamic effect in ON state and reduce photosensitivity in OFF state. These results demonstrated that this nanoplatform holds the potential to be used in clinical PDT.

膀胱癌是泌尿系统中最常见的肿瘤之一。目前, 化疗与手术切除等治疗手段不能有效治愈该肿瘤, 并且上述两种治疗方式会产生副作用, 降低患者的生活质量。光疗则为膀胱癌提供了一种新的治疗手段。在本工作中, 以靶向膀胱癌细胞的小肽PLZ4修饰多功能碳点, 得到了兼具靶向膀胱癌细胞及光动力/光热治疗功能的PLZ-4碳点(PCDs)。细胞实验表明该PCDs能够用于膀胱癌细胞靶向成像, 并且在635 nm激光照射下, 能高效杀灭膀胱癌细胞。活体实验表明经过尾静脉注射后, PCDs能够有效地聚集在原位膀胱癌处, 在635 nm激光照射下, 原位膀胱癌能够被完全清除, 表明该PCDs在荧光成像介导的光动力/光热治疗原位膀胱癌中有潜在的应用价值。

新型功能性纳米材料在设计和制备技术方面的进步为纳米医学的发展提供了很大的机遇。在过去十年中, 介孔碳纳米材料在制备和应用方面获得了巨大的进步。作为一种新型无机材料体系, 介孔碳纳米材料结合了介孔的结构以及碳质组成的特点, 显示出不同于传统介孔二氧化硅以及其它一些碳基材料体系(碳纳米管、石墨烯、富勒烯等)的优越特性。介孔碳纳米材料在药物的吸附与控释、光热治疗、协同治疗、肿瘤细胞的荧光标记、催化、生物传感、生物大分子的分离等诸多领域表现出其他多孔材料难以达到的优越性和应用潜力。本文对介孔碳纳米材料的制备和修饰技术进行介绍, 重点关注介孔碳纳米颗粒在药物负载和光热控释方面的应用, 最后对介孔碳纳米材料在生物医学领域的应用前景和所面临的关键问题进行讨论。

Photoacoustic therapy, using the photoacoustic effect of agents for selectively killing tumor cells, has shown promising for treating tumor. Utilization of high optical absorption probes can help to effectively improve the photoacoustic therapy efficiency. Herein, we report a novel highabsorption photoacoustic probe that is composed of indocyanine green (ICG) and graphene oxide (GO), entitled GO-ICG, for photoacoustic therapy. The attached ICG with narrow absorption spectral profile has strong optical absorption in the infrared region. The absorption spectrum of the GO-ICG solution reveals that the GO-ICG particles exhibited a 10-fold higher absorbance at 780nm (its peak absorbance) as compared with GO. Importantly, ICG's fluorescence is quenched by GO via fluorescence resonance energy transfer. As a result, GO-ICG can high-efficiently convert the absorbed light energy to acoustic wave under pulsed laser irradiation. We further demonstrate that GO-ICG can produce stronger photoacoustic wave than the GO and ICG alone. Moreover, we conjugate this contrast agent with integrin α_vβ₃ mono-clonal antibody to molecularly target the U87-MG human glioblastoma cells for selective tumor cell killing. Finally, our results testify that the photoacoustic therapy efficiency of GO-ICG is higher than the existing photoacoustic therapy agent. Our work demonstrates that GO-ICG is a high-efficiency photoacoustic therapy agent. This novel photoacoustic probe is likely to be an available candidate for tumor therapy.

为实现重离子肿瘤治疗临床实验中对照射束流状态的实时监测, 研制了束流强度及剂量监测系统, 包括积分电离室、后续电流频率转换电路及LabVIEW数据获取处理三部分。利用闪烁体探测器和标准剂量计测试了系统的线性响应和得到剂量的准确性, 结果表明：系统在束流临床照射流强范围内的线性响应好于90%, 其实时反馈的临床照射剂量偏差小于5%。同时束流强度及剂量监测系统与安全控制系统相结合, 保证束流照射状态满足临床照射的安全要求。