Vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (V-PDT) is an effective treatment for port wine stains (PWS). However, repeated treatment is usually needed to achieve optimal treatment outcomes, possibly due to the limited treatment light penetration depth in the PWS lesion. The optical clearing technique can increase light penetration in depth by reducing light scattering. This study aimed to investigate the V-PDT in combination with an optical clearing agent (OCA) for the therapeutic enhancement of V-PDT in the rodent skinfold window chamber model. Vascular responses were closely monitored with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), optical coherence tomography angiography, and stereo microscope before, during, and after the treatment. We further quantitatively demonstrated the effects of V-PDT in combination with OCA on the blood flow and blood vessel size of skin microvasculature. The combination of OCA and V-PDT resulted in significant vascular damage, including vasoconstriction and the reduction of blood flow. Our results indicate the promising potential of OCA for enhancing V-PDT for treating vascular-related diseases, including PWS.

鲜红斑痣(port wine stains, PWS)是最常见的先天性皮肤微血管病变之一，PWS的病因是皮肤真皮层由浅至深的毛细血管畸形扩张。通常表现为面颈部粉色、红色和紫色斑片，随着年龄的增加，其逐渐加深和增厚，严重影响患者的生活质量。血管靶向光动力疗法 (vascular targeted photodynamic therapy, V-PDT) 可以选择性破坏病变血管，是目前国内治疗PWS的首选方法。V-PDT疗效与PWS病灶结构密切相关。PWS的病灶结构可通过活检或者无创光学诊断设备获取，主要包括表皮层黑色素含量、皮肤厚度及血管管径、深度和形态等。总结了目前常用的无创在体光学成像技术在PWS诊疗中的应用现状及PWS病灶结构特点对V-PDT疗效的影响，旨在为V-PDT精准及个性化治疗PWS提供参考。

血管靶向激光以血管中的血红蛋白为靶分子, 经由激光与血红蛋白相互作用的光热效应, 破坏和封闭受照射的血管组织, 以达到特定的治疗目的。选择性光热解作用是血管靶向激光的基本原理。本文围绕国内外临床上常见的几种血管靶向激光器, 介绍和讨论其工作特征和治疗参数。并对密切相关的非激光光源和血管靶向光动力疗法的光源作简要介绍。

血管中的血氧饱和度（Oxygen saturation，StO2）作为影响血管靶向光动力疗法（Vascular targeted photodynamic therapy，V-PDT）疗效的关键要素之一，实验测量了活体裸鼠背皮窗模型中血管的漫反射光谱（450-800 nm），并通过拟合漫反射光谱数据定量获得了血管中的StO2。同时，研究了高氧、低氧和常氧等三种不同氧条件下V-PDT中血管的StO2和血管管径的变化情况。结果表明，高氧和常氧条件下的平均StO2和血管收缩较为显著，但低氧组的平均StO2和血管收缩不明显。在相同氧条件和不同光照功率密度条件下，V-PDT前后靶向血管的平均StO2与血管管径的变化之间没有显著相关性，但V-PDT前后平均StO2的变化量与光照功率密度之间呈正相关。