水性漆绿色环保、 节约资源, 越来越受到消费者的青睐, 具有广阔的市场潜力和发展前景。 由于水与有机树脂的相容性较差, 水性漆漆膜硬度、 耐磨性、 耐老化性等性能较差。 为了提高水性漆的各项性能, 以樟子松为基材, 利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared, FTIR)技术探究了樟子松与丙烯酸水性漆的结合机理； 采用纳米SiO2和TiO2来改性丙烯酸水性漆并对樟子松进行涂饰, 研究改性后的水性漆对漆膜硬度、 耐磨性、 耐老化性等性能的影响。 结果表明, 水性漆涂饰樟子松后, 3 349 cm-1处的O—H伸缩振动吸收峰峰值下降, 说明松木与水性漆之间形成了更稳定的氢键； 1 727 cm-1处羧基中的CO伸缩振动峰强度低于纯水性漆, 而1 239 cm-1处酯基中的C—O伸缩振动峰值高于樟子松, 表征了水性漆中的羧基与樟子松中的羟基发生了酯化反应； 在1 109 cm-1处出现了C—O—C中的C—O不对称振动峰, 表明樟子松与水性漆中的羟基发生了醚化反应。 研究揭示了丙烯酸与樟子松除物理结合外, 还发生了化学反应, 使漆膜与木材结合更牢固。 同时, 对纳米材料改性后的丙烯酸水性漆漆膜的性能分析表明, 改性水性漆具有和商用水性漆一样高的漆膜附着力与耐水性； 纳米SiO2改性水性漆在漆膜硬度、 耐磨性方面表现更优, 而纳米TiO2改性对水性漆漆膜耐老化性能的作用较大。 综合各方面因素, 认为在底面漆中均加入3%纳米SiO2改性的水性漆最适用于室内木制品, 此时漆膜硬度达3H, 附着力、 耐水性均达1级； 在面漆中加入1%纳米TiO2改性的水性漆最适用于户外木制品, 此时漆膜硬度达H, 耐水性达1级, 耐老化性也最优。 该研究可为纳米改性水性漆方面的研究提供理论参考, 对促进水性漆的优化改性、 拓宽其应用范围、 提高其附加值具有指导意义。

Water-based paints are environmentally friendly and resource-saving and are increasingly favored by consumers, with broad market potential and development prospects. Due to the poor compatibility between water and organic resin, the hardness, wear resistance, and aging resistance of water-based paint film are poor. In order to improve the properties of water-based paints, the bonding mechanism between Scotch pine and -water-based acrylic paint was studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) technique; the -water-based acrylic paint was modified by nano-SiO2 and nano-TiO2, and the effects of the modified water-based paint on the hardness, wear resistance and aging resistance of the paint film were studied. The results showed that the intensity of 3 349 cm-1 (O—H stretching vibration) of Scotch pine decreased after coating with water-based paint, indicating that more stable hydrogen bonds were formed between pine and water-based paint. The intensity of the peak at 1 727 cm-1 (the stretching vibration of CO in the carboxyl group) of coated Scotch pine was lower than that of pure water-based paint, and the intensity of 1 239 cm-1 (stretching vibration of C—O in ester group) of Scotch pine increased after coating with water-based paint. It characterized the esterification of the carboxyl group in water-based paint with the hydroxyl group in Scotch pine. A new peak of coated Scotch pine appeared at 1 109 cm-1, assigned to the asymmetric vibration of C—O in C—O—C, indicating the etherification between the hydroxyl groups in Scotch pine and water-based paint. This study revealed that in addition to the physical combination of acrylic acid and Scotch pine, chemical reactions occurred to make the film and wood bond more firmly. At the same time, the performance analysis of the nano-modified acrylic water-based paint film showed that it had the same adhesion and water resistance as the commercial one. The nano-SiO2 modified acrylic water-based paint was superior in the film hardness and abrasion resistance, while the nano-TiO2 modification had greater effects on anti-aging properties. It was believed that adding 3% nano-SiO2 to the top and bottom paint respectively was most suitable for indoor wood products. After this modification, the hardness of the paint film reached 3H, and the adhesion and water resistance were up to Grade 1. Besides, adding 1% nano-TiO2 to the top paint was most suitable for outdoor wood products, and the hardness and water resistance of the paint film reached H and Grade 1, respectively, and the aging resistance was optimal. This study can provide a theoretical data for the research of nano-modified water-based paint, and has guiding significance for promoting the optimization and modification, broadening the application range and increasing the added value of water-based paints.