地球同步轨道上运行着大量的空间目标，基于光度曲线反演空间目标信息为目标的跟踪、识别与监视提供了新的技术途径。利用STK 软件，通过坐标变换获取不同轨道参数下太阳、卫星以及观测站的时空关系。根据视星等定义，利用面元法基于Phong 模型推导出适用于立方体、棱柱体以及圆柱体空间目标的视星等模型。通过与实测数据对比，验证该视星等模型的仿真误差约为3%，仿真效果远好于仅采用漫反射率表征的视星等模型。基于Matlab 软件，仿真研究了不同弧段、不同形状以及不同尺寸卫星光度曲线的变化规律。研究表明，当获取的光度曲线质量较高时采用非线性滤波技术反演，仅能获得特殊点的视星等信息时采用二面法理论反演，为下一步光度曲线反演提供了一定参考。

There are a lot of spatial objects running along the geosynchronous orbit (GEO). Estimation of the shape and attitude of space objects by using light curves provides a method for object tracking, identification and surveillance. The temporal and spatial relationship among the sun, satellite and observation station under different orbit parameters is obtained via coordinate transformation by using the STK software. According to the definition of apparent magnitude, the calculation model suitable for cube, prism and cylinder objects is derived with the facet method based on the Phong model. Through comparison with the measured data, it is demonstrated that the simulation error of the model is about 3%, the simulation result is far better than the result obtained by the apparent magnitude model only characterized by the diffuse reflectance. Based on the Matlab software, the light curves of satellites with different segments, shapes and sizes are simulated. The study shows that the nonlinear filtering technique is adopted for inversion if obtained light curves have better quality, otherwise the two-facet analytical model is used. The research offers a reference for the inversion based on light curves.