High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2018, 6 (4): 04000e65, Published Online: Dec. 27, 2018 Copy Citation Text  Follow This Article

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1. Schematic of DiPOLE100X amplifier chain, showing typical output energy at each amplifier stage: YDFO  Yb–silica fibre oscillator; YDFA  Yb–silica fibre amplifier (inc. temporal pulse shaping); PA  room-temperature preamplifier (1  Yb:CaF ₂ regenerative, 2  Yb:YAG multi-pass); MA  main cryogenic amplifier (ceramic Yb:YAG multi-slab).

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Fig. 2. 3D model of DiPOLE100X: FFE  fibre front end, DP  diode pumps, cGC  cryogenic gas coolers, DM  deformable mirrors, BD  beam diverter, FFE  fibre front end (not shown).

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Fig. 3. Schematic layout of the front end for DiPOLE100X.

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Fig. 4. X-ray pulse timing diagram for SASE II beamline.

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Fig. 5. DiPOLE100X timing diagram.

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Fig. 6. Schematic showing 7-pass angularly multiplexed extraction architecture of the 10 J cryo-preamplifier. DP  diode pumps, DM1  10 J deformable mirror, BS  beam splitters.

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Fig. 7. (a) Photograph of the DiPOLE100X 10 J bimorph deformable mirror, built at the CLF, with inset showing schematic of electrode pattern, (b) corrected output wave front and (c) far-field CCD camera image measured at 10 J, 10 Hz on the DiPOLE prototype amplifier.

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Fig. 8. Energy stability over half an hour with inset showing measured temporal pulse shape for amplification of 2.2 ns pulses at 8 J, 10 Hz.

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Fig. 9. Schematic showing 4-pass, off-axis, angularly multiplexed extraction architecture of the 100 J cryo-amplifier. DP  diode pumps, DM2  100 J deformable mirror, BD  beam diverter.

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Fig. 10. (a) Photograph of new 100 J deformable mirror, (b) target aberrated wave front and (c) residual error in generated wave front.

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Fig. 11. Synoptic screen for control and monitoring of 10 J cryo-preamplifier. Red lines correspond to the main 1030 nm laser beam path, input from the FE (left) and output to the beam transport section (right); blue lines represent diagnostic beam paths; and orange lines correspond to 940 nm pump diode beam paths.

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Fig. 12. Temporal pulse shaping results at 6.5 J, 10 Hz obtained using the DiPOLE prototype amplifier (a) flat-top and (b) multi-step pyramid pulse profiles.

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Fig. 13. Time lapse photographs of DiPOLE100X build with 3D CAD view of completed system.

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Fig. 14. Schematic showing the main components of the HED instrument.

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Fig. 15. Layout of DiPOLE100X in laser hutch at the HED instrument.

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Table1. Target parameters for DiPOLE100X and demonstrated performance

Parameter Target Demonstrated Wavelength nm 1029.5 nm Pulse energy 100 J 107 J Energy stability 2.5% RMS 1% RMS Pulse rate Single shot, 1, 2, 5 or 10 Hz 1 & 10 Hz Jitter 25 ps RMS Pulse duration 2 to 15 ns 10 ns Pulse shape User selectable Flat top Beam size & shape 75 mm square, , super-Gaussian super-Gaussian ( ) Beam quality 1.7 DL ( ) 2.3 DL ( ) Pointing stability Within rad Within rad (shot to shot) 4% RMS 1% RMS

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Table2. Functionality of user control screens in DiPOLE100X control system

Control screen Functions Overviews Access to summary/overview screens for each of the main sub-systems (FE, 10 J, 100 J) and the beam transport section. Synoptics Real-time, interactive visual displays of the status of the main sub-systems (FE, 10 J, 100 J) and their individual components. Synoptic screens use a traffic light system to indicate the status of each individual component, with green indicating that all is okay, amber indicating a component requires attention, and red indicating that either the component is off or that there is an error that requires action. Control screens can be accessed directly by touching the component symbol on-screen, minimizing the number of actions needed to view and adjust settings. An example synoptic display for the 10 J cryo-preamplifier is shown in Figure  11 . Automation Useful information related to beam steering and machine safety. Alignment Overview of the current status of the automatic beam alignment system at various points within the system based on data from relevant near- and far-field diagnostic cameras. Again a traffic light system is used to indicate alignment status. Interlock Status of system interlocks. Hazards Important information on the status of all laser hazards. This screen can also be displayed on a remote monitor, sited outside the laser laboratory, to show whether it is safe to enter the area.

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Paul Mason, Saumyabrata Banerjee, Jodie Smith, Thomas Butcher, Jonathan Phillips, Hauke Höppner, Dominik Möller, Klaus Ertel, Mariastefania De Vido, Ian Hollingham, Andrew Norton, Stephanie Tomlinson, Tinesimba Zata, Jorge Suarez Merchan, Chris Hooker, Mike Tyldesley, Toma Toncian, Cristina Hernandez-Gomez, Chris Edwards, John Collier. Development of a 100 J, 10 Hz laser for compression experiments at the High Energy Density instrument at the European XFEL[J]. High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2018, 6(4): 04000e65.