大科学装置的高精度定时同步技术

辛明

doi:doi:10.3788/CJL202047.0500007

中国激光, 2020, 47 (5): 0500007, 网络出版: 2020-05-12

大科学装置的高精度定时同步技术下载： 1893次特邀综述

High-Precision Timing Synchronization Techniques in Large-Scale Scientific Facilities

辛明 ^*

作者单位

天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院, 天津 300072

图 & 表

图 1. BOC的原理及测量误差^[35]。(a)单晶体BOC的工作原理;(b)典型的BOC定时表征曲线;(c)输入脉冲E₁的三种包络形状;(d)输入脉冲E₂的7种能量分布,对应不同的COG变化;(e)对于E₂不同的COG变化,BOC的测量误差

Fig. 1. Principle and measurement error of BOC^[35]. (a) Principle of single-crystal BOC; (b) typical BOC timing characterization curves; (c) three envelope shapes of input pulse E₁; (d) seven energy distributions of input pulse E₂ for different COG change; (e) calculated BOC measurement error for different COG change of E₂

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图 2. 基于BOC的激光定时抖动表征与同步的实验设置^[35]

Fig. 2. Experimental setup for laser timing jitter characterization and synchronization based on BOC^[35]

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图 3. 不同输入平均功率下BOC的噪声基底^[35]

Fig. 3. BOC noise floors at different input average powers^[35]

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图 4. 自由空间耦合平衡光-微波鉴相器示意图^[35]

Fig. 4. Schematic of free-space-coupled balanced optical-microwave phase detector^[35]

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图 5. 光纤定时链路稳定实验装置^[35]

Fig. 5. Experimental setup for optical fiber timing link stabilization ^[35]

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图 6. XFEL定时同步系统^[35]

Fig. 6. Timing synchronization of XFEL^[35]

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表 1几种光-微波鉴相器的性能比较

Table1. Performance comparison of several optical-microwave phase detectors

Reference	AM-PM noise	Balanced detection	Complexity	Difficulty for integration
[54-56]	No	No	Relatively high	Easy
[57-58]	Yes	Yes	Moderate	Difficult
[59]	Yes	Yes	Relatively high	Easy
[60]	Yes	Yes	Low	Easy

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表 2大型定时同步系统性能比较

Table2. Performance comparison of large-scale timing synchronization systems

	Reference	Function	Characteristic	Distance /m	Continuousoperationtime /h	Timingdrift /fs
	[74]	Link stabilization	Laboratory withatmospheric turbulence	76.2	130	2.6
	[75]	Link stabilization	Outdoor withatmospheric turbulence	52	1.39	280
Freespace	[76]	Link stabilization	Outdoor withatmospheric turbulence	2000	3	2.5
	[78]	Optical-optical synchronization	Outdoor withatmospheric turbulence	4000	48	~6
	[79]	Optical-microwavesynchronization	Outdoor withatmospheric turbulence	4000	8	~4
	[85]	Link stabilization	CW modulatedby microwave	2200	60	19.4
	[51]	Link stabilization	Pulse+SMF+BOC	300	72	6.4
	[88]	Link stabilization	Pulse+PMF+BOC	1200	384	0.6
	[89]	Link stabilization	Pulse+SMF+BOC+XFEL in field	800	13.5	2.3
	[90]	Link stabilization	Pulse+PMF+all fibercoupled components	3500	200	3.3
	[91]	Link stabilization	Pulse+PMF+integrated BOC	1200	28	0.75
Fiber	[53]	Link stabilization	Pulse+PMF+BOC+power compensation	4700	52	0.2
	[93]	Optical-opticalsynchronization	Pulse+PMF+BOC	3500	40	2.3
	[53]	Optical-opticalsynchronization	Pulse+PMF+BOC+power compensation	3500	44	0.094
	[96]	Multi-color optical-optical synchronization	Pulse+PMF+two-color BOC	4700	40	0.6
	[94]	Microwave-microwavesynchronization	Pulse+SMF+optical-microwave phase detector	2300	92	36
	[96]	Optical-optical &microwave synchronization	Pulse+PMF+BOC+BOMPD+power compensation	4700	18	0.67
	[97-98]	Optical-microwave &microwave synchronization	Pulse+PMF+BOC+BOMPD	4700	2.5	1.76

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辛明. 大科学装置的高精度定时同步技术[J]. 中国激光, 2020, 47(5): 0500007. Ming Xin. High-Precision Timing Synchronization Techniques in Large-Scale Scientific Facilities[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2020, 47(5): 0500007.

大科学装置的高精度定时同步技术下载： 1893次特邀综述

图 1. BOC的原理及测量误差^[35]。(a)单晶体BOC的工作原理;(b)典型的BOC定时表征曲线;(c)输入脉冲E₁的三种包络形状;(d)输入脉冲E₂的7种能量分布,对应不同的COG变化;(e)对于E₂不同的COG变化,BOC的测量误差

图 2. 基于BOC的激光定时抖动表征与同步的实验设置^[35]

Fig. 2. Experimental setup for laser timing jitter characterization and synchronization based on BOC^[35]

图 3. 不同输入平均功率下BOC的噪声基底^[35]

Fig. 3. BOC noise floors at different input average powers^[35]

图 4. 自由空间耦合平衡光-微波鉴相器示意图^[35]

Fig. 4. Schematic of free-space-coupled balanced optical-microwave phase detector^[35]

图 5. 光纤定时链路稳定实验装置^[35]

Fig. 5. Experimental setup for optical fiber timing link stabilization ^[35]

图 6. XFEL定时同步系统^[35]

Fig. 6. Timing synchronization of XFEL^[35]

表 1几种光-微波鉴相器的性能比较

Table1. Performance comparison of several optical-microwave phase detectors

表 2大型定时同步系统性能比较

Table2. Performance comparison of large-scale timing synchronization systems

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大科学装置的高精度定时同步技术 下载： 1893次特邀综述

图 1. BOC的原理及测量误差[35]。(a)单晶体BOC的工作原理;(b)典型的BOC定时表征曲线;(c)输入脉冲E1的三种包络形状;(d)输入脉冲E2的7种能量分布,对应不同的COG变化;(e)对于E2不同的COG变化,BOC的测量误差

图 2. 基于BOC的激光定时抖动表征与同步的实验设置[35]

Fig. 2. Experimental setup for laser timing jitter characterization and synchronization based on BOC[35]

图 3. 不同输入平均功率下BOC的噪声基底[35]

Fig. 3. BOC noise floors at different input average powers[35]

图 4. 自由空间耦合平衡光-微波鉴相器示意图[35]

Fig. 4. Schematic of free-space-coupled balanced optical-microwave phase detector[35]

图 5. 光纤定时链路稳定实验装置[35]

Fig. 5. Experimental setup for optical fiber timing link stabilization [35]

图 6. XFEL定时同步系统[35]

Fig. 6. Timing synchronization of XFEL[35]

表 1几种光-微波鉴相器的性能比较

Table1. Performance comparison of several optical-microwave phase detectors

表 2大型定时同步系统性能比较

Table2. Performance comparison of large-scale timing synchronization systems

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大科学装置的高精度定时同步技术下载： 1893次特邀综述

图 1. BOC的原理及测量误差^[35]。(a)单晶体BOC的工作原理;(b)典型的BOC定时表征曲线;(c)输入脉冲E₁的三种包络形状;(d)输入脉冲E₂的7种能量分布,对应不同的COG变化;(e)对于E₂不同的COG变化,BOC的测量误差

图 2. 基于BOC的激光定时抖动表征与同步的实验设置^[35]

Fig. 2. Experimental setup for laser timing jitter characterization and synchronization based on BOC^[35]

图 3. 不同输入平均功率下BOC的噪声基底^[35]

Fig. 3. BOC noise floors at different input average powers^[35]

图 4. 自由空间耦合平衡光-微波鉴相器示意图^[35]

Fig. 4. Schematic of free-space-coupled balanced optical-microwave phase detector^[35]

图 5. 光纤定时链路稳定实验装置^[35]

Fig. 5. Experimental setup for optical fiber timing link stabilization ^[35]

图 6. XFEL定时同步系统^[35]

Fig. 6. Timing synchronization of XFEL^[35]