膜采样与β射线法测定气溶胶PM2.5质量浓度的对比分析

利用β射线法气溶胶质量浓度自动观测仪器和膜采样设备,于2013年9月至10月在北京上甸子大气本底站进行了气溶胶PM2.5 质量浓度的自动观测和人工采样方法的对比试验。结果表明,两种方法的观测结果间具有较好的一致性,呈显著的线性相关关系；在PM2.5 质量浓度较低(<35 μg·m-3)和较高(>250 μg·m-3)时,两种方法间的偏差较大;随着空气PM2.5 质量浓度的增加,自动观测方法与人工方法观测结果间的偏差逐渐增大。两种方法间的线性回归方程斜率、截距和相关系数均达到了国家环境保护标准HJ 653-2013的有关要求。对全部观测数据、>10 μg·m-3和 10～150 μg·m-3浓度范围内的数据分别建立了回归订正方程,同时,根据不同气团轨迹条件也建立了订正方程,订正效果表明以10～150 μg·m-3范围内数据建立的回归订正方程为最优。

Abstract

A compared experiment of PM2.5 mass concentration automatic and manual sampling methods was carried out in Shangdianzi Atmospheric Background Station in Beijing from September to October in 2013 by using ray automatic observation instruments and filter-based sampling equipment. The results showed that there is good consistency and significant linear relationship between the observation data of the two methods; when PM2.5 mass concentration is lower than 35 μg·m-3 or higher than 250 μg·m-3, the deviation between the two methods is larger than other circumstances; along with the increase of PM2.5 mass concentration, the deviation of two methods increased gradually. The linear regression equation’s slope, intercept and correlation coefficient between the two methods all reach the relevant requirements of the People’s Republic of China State Environmental Protection Standard of HJ 653-2013. For all observation data, greater than 10 μg·m-3 and the range data of 10～150 μg·m-3, a correct regression equation is established respectively, and also according to the different air back trajectories conditions correct equations are established. The correction effects shows that the established equati within the rae data of 10～150 μg·m-3 is the best one.

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