基于锥形光子晶体光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉的曲率传感器实验研究

提出了一种基于锥形光子晶体光纤(TPCF)马赫-曾德尔干涉的曲率传感器。它是通过将光子晶体光纤(PCF)两端与普通单模光纤(SMF)电弧熔接，并对PCF 进行拉锥构成的SMF-TPCF-SMF 结构，总长度为20 mm。在传感器制备过程中，通过调节熔接机的相关参数，使得熔接点处PCF 空气孔完全塌陷，以便更好地激发包层模式，同时通过选择合适的PCF 长度和拉锥长度使得传感器具有较高的曲率灵敏度。实验结果表明，随着传感器曲率的不断增大，其传输光谱出现明显蓝移现象。在0~1.16 m-1的曲率范围内，其曲率灵敏度为-5.39297 nm/m-1，且具有较好的线性度。该传感器具有结构简单、易于制造、灵敏度高等优点，且与其他结构传感器相比，能够消除温度的交叉敏感问题，可用于桥梁、建筑、道路等曲率传感领域。

Abstract

A curvature sensor is proposed base on tapered photonic crystal fiber(TPCF) Mach-Zehnder interferometer. A section of PCF is tapered after splicing both end of it with single-mode fiber(SMF), then a SMF-TPCF-SMF structure with 20 mm length is fabricated. By controlling the arc discharge parameters, the air holes of the PCF near the splicing area are collapsed completely. So it can motivate the cladding modes better. Moreover, the splicing and tapering length of PCF are determined to make the sensor produce high curvature sensitivity. The experimental results show that the transmission spectrum of sensor appears blue shift obviously with the curvature increasing, and the shift of the peaks near 1590 nm is -6.06 nm. The curvature sensitivity of this sensor is -5.39297 nm/m-1 in the range of 0~1.16 m-1 curvature, and this sensor also has good linearity. This curvature sensor has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacturing, high sensitivity and immune to the temperature cross-sensitivity compared to other sensors, so it can be used for measuring curvature in bridges, buildings, roads and so on.

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基于锥形光子晶体光纤马赫-曾德尔干涉的曲率传感器实验研究

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