500 kV亚纳秒脉冲X光机研制

张小强; 赵光义; 周林; 姜占兴; 梁川; 李名加; 王真

doi:doi:10.11884/hplpb201830.170389

强激光与粒子束, 2018, 30 (2): 025004, 网络出版: 2018-03-14

500 kV亚纳秒脉冲X光机研制

Design of 500 kV sub-nanosecond pulsed X-ray generator

论文大纲

张小强 ^*赵光义周林姜占兴梁川李名加王真

作者单位

中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所, 四川绵阳 621900

摘要

高能量亚纳秒脉冲X射线可用于精确定标辐射探测系统的时间响应特性和探测灵敏度, 对于脉冲辐射场诊断技术研究具有重要意义。研制了一种小型化、可移动的亚纳秒脉冲X射线源, 装置占地区域尺寸为1.2 m×40 cm, 重142 kg。设计了双锥形绕组同轴结构变压器, 采用新颖的三谐振变压技术, 将纳秒脉冲形成线充电至520 kV, 通过油介质自击穿开关放电, 输出370 kV, 3.8 ns的高压脉冲。设计了多级过匹配传输线提升输出电压, 并利用油介质peaking-chopping开关进行脉冲压缩, 产生了峰值520 kV、半高宽0.5 ns、功率1.8 GW的高压脉冲。基于Child-Langmuir定理, 设计了刀刃阴极X光管, 在520 kV电压下的运行阻抗为150 Ω, 管前20 cm处的X射线峰值能量注量率约为1×1016 MeV·cm-2·s-1, 累积照射量为4.1 mR。

Abstract

Sub-nanosecond high energy X-ray source is widely used in calibration of time response characteristic and sensitivity of radiation detectors. A compact generator for sub-nanosecond X-ray pulse was developed, covering a floor area of 1.2 m×40 cm with weight of 142 kg. A coaxial pulsed transformer was designed using double conical windings and triple resonance transformer technology. A nanosecond pulse forming line and a self-break oil switch were employed, generating a high voltage pulse with peak value of 370 kV and pulse width of 3.8 ns. The voltage was then increased to 520 kV by multi-stage over-matched transmission lines, and the pulse width was sharpened to 0.5 ns via a peaking-chopping oil switch. The power of the pulse loaded across the AK gap of the X-ray tube was 1.8 GW. The X-ray tube, using a foil array cathode, was designed and analyzed on the basis of Child-Langmuir theory. Radiation with a peak energy flux rate of about 1×1016 MeV·cm-2·s-1 was generated at a distance of 20 cm, and the integral dose was 4.1 mR per pulse.

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张小强, 赵光义, 周林, 姜占兴, 梁川, 李名加, 王真. 500 kV亚纳秒脉冲X光机研制[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2018, 30(2): 025004. Zhang Xiaoqiang, Zhao Guangyi, Zhou Lin, Jiang Zhanxing, Liang Chuan, Li Mingjia, Wang Zhen. Design of 500 kV sub-nanosecond pulsed X-ray generator[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2018, 30(2): 025004.

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