氮离子束对小麦种子不同部位作用的突变效应

本文描述了荷能重离子束(14氮1+和14氮7+)在作物改良上的应用.为了探索离子束轰击小麦种子不同部位(例如:种皮,种胚和整粒种籽,包括胚乳、胚和种皮)后的不同反应,采用了不同能量的氮离子.轰击不同部位是通过改变离子能量来实现的.在这个研究中,我们选择了三种能量以达到轰击不同部位的目的,它们是超低能区的110keV,低能区的15.7MeV/u和中能区的72MeV/u.根据TRIM 91程序计算,它们在种子内的射程依次为0.44μm,0.61mm和9.6mm.所以,110 keV的离子不能贯穿种皮,因为它的厚度72μm,只能极浅层注入种皮而不能触及胚细胞(称这种情况为轰击部位1),15.7MeV/u的离子能够贯穿种皮并注入胚内(厚度约1mm),但不能进入胚乳(称这为轰击部位2),72MeV/u的离子能从种子的胚部到顶部贯穿整个麦粒(麦粒长约7 mm)(称这为轰击部位3). 上述三种能量的氮离子辐照了三个品种(定西24、88-12、82-579)的春小麦种子.而后进行了室内实验和大田培育,得到了50%出苗率时的剂量D50,统计了上述三个轰击部位下根尖细胞中的微核率及染色体畸变率,大田中产生了一些新的变异,例如增产(达百分之几十),早熟(五天左右),矮杆(低约20cm),抗(条锈)病,并且显示了轰击不同部位的突变频率与突变谱,还简略地讨论了三种情况的突变机理.

Abstract

The applicati on of energetic heavy ion beams (~14N~1+ and~14N~7+) to cr op improvement is described in the paper. For the sake of exploring different re sponse of different sites (e.g. seed-coat, embryo, whole grain of wheat includi ng endosperm and former two) of wheat ( Triticum Astivum L ) seed to hit of t he ion beams, N ions with different energies were used. Hitting different sites was realized through changing ion energy. We chose three energies for the ions h itting different sites in the study. They were 110 keV in ultra-low energy regi on, 15.7 MeV/u in low energy region and 72 MeV/u in intermediate energy region. Their ranges in the wheat seed based on TRIM 91 calculation were 0.44 μm, 0.61 m m and 9.6 mm in turn. Therefore, the ions with 110 keV could not penetrate throu gh the seed coat (the coat thickness ～72 μm). It can superficially implant int o the seed-coat only code　and can not touch embryo cells (hitting site-1). The ions w ith 15.7 MeV/u can penetrate through the seed coat and i

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卫增泉, 颉红梅, 张金莲, 李强, 高清祥. 氮离子束对小麦种子不同部位作用的突变效应[J]. 激光生物学报, 2003, 12(1): 33. 卫增泉, 颉红梅, 张金莲, 李强, 高清祥. Mutagenic Effects of N Ion Beams on Different Sites of Triticum Aestivum L Seed[J]. Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2003, 12(1): 33.

氮离子束对小麦种子不同部位作用的突变效应

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