不锈钢大厚度板的超窄间隙高功率光纤激光填丝焊接工艺

张国伟; 肖荣诗

doi:doi:10.3788/cjl201441.s103003

中国激光, 2014, 41 (s1): s103003, 网络出版: 2014-07-03

不锈钢大厚度板的超窄间隙高功率光纤激光填丝焊接工艺

Ultra-Narrow Gap High Power Fiber Laser Beam Welding of Stainless Steel Heavy Section with Filler Wire

论文大纲

张国伟 ^*肖荣诗

作者单位

北京工业大学激光工程研究院, 北京 100124

激光技术不锈钢大厚度板超窄间隙激光填丝焊接焊接工艺 laser technique heavy section of stainless steel ultra-narrow gap laser beam welding welding process

摘要

采用IPG-YLS 6000光纤激光器及正离焦光束的超窄间隙激光填丝焊接方式，研究了焊接工艺对接头成型的影响。结果表明，当离焦光斑直径大于间隙宽度时，利用前送丝且熔池熔丝的热导模式焊接可有效避免侧壁未熔合及气孔缺陷，获得良好的焊接接头。光斑过小时易产生焊接气孔，光斑过大时会造成侧壁过度熔化。同一焊接条件下，坡口间隙越大，获得无缺陷焊缝的工艺参数范围越小。随着间隙的增大，激光功率增加，焊接速度减小。在间隙较大，热输入量小时会产生侧壁未熔合，热输入量大时会导致小孔型气孔。利用优化的坡口形式及工艺参数超窄间隙激光填丝焊接了60 mm厚度304不锈钢板，获得了完整无明显缺陷的对接接头，接头焊缝由20层组成，宽度上下一致且仅为3.8 mm左右，焊接角变形约为0.6°。

Abstract

The effects of welding parameters such as spot diameter, gap width, laser power and welding speed on the joint formation of ultra-narrow gap laser beam welding with filler wire are studied by using IPG YLS-6000 fiber laser and defocused beam. Results show that when the spot diameter is wider than gap width and leading filler wire and filler wire melting in molten pool are used, the joint formation in heat conduction welding model is the best; smaller spot diameter leads to and larger spot diameter leads to pores, excessive fusion of sidewalls. Under the same welding conditions, the greater the gap width, the narrower range of welding process windows for welded joints without defects will be. As the gap width increases, the suitable laser power is increased, and the welding speed is reduced. Small heat input can produce lack of fusion on sidewall, and larger heat input can cause keyhole induced pores. Under the optimized parameters, 60 mm thick stainless steel plates are welded by less than 5 mm ultra-narrow-gap laser welding with filler wire, and a complete defects free butt joint which consists of 20 layers is obtained. The width of weld is uniform and only about 3.8 mm, and the angular distortion of the joint is about 0.6°.

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张国伟, 肖荣诗. 不锈钢大厚度板的超窄间隙高功率光纤激光填丝焊接工艺[J]. 中国激光, 2014, 41(s1): s103003. Zhang Guowei, Xiao Rongshi. Ultra-Narrow Gap High Power Fiber Laser Beam Welding of Stainless Steel Heavy Section with Filler Wire[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2014, 41(s1): s103003.

不锈钢大厚度板的超窄间隙高功率光纤激光填丝焊接工艺

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