Snapshot spectral ghost imaging, which can acquire dynamic spectral imaging information in the field of view, has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Studies have shown that optimizing the fluctuation of light fields is essential for improving the sampling efficiency and reconstruction quality of ghost imaging. However, the optimization of broadband light fields in snapshot spectral ghost imaging is challenging because of the dispersion of the modulation device. In this study, by judiciously introducing a hybrid refraction/diffraction structure into the light-field modulation, snapshot spectral ghost imaging with broadband super-Rayleigh speckles was demonstrated. The simulation and experiment results verified that the contrast of speckles in a broad range of wavelengths was significantly improved, and the imaging system had superior noise immunity.

相比利用光场的一阶关联实现物空间与像空间一一对应的传统成像，鬼成像基于光场的二阶关联实现物空间与像空间的一一对应，从而获取物体图像信息。通过引入光场涨落调制和计算重构，鬼成像不仅可以具有更高的信息获取效率，而且提升了图像信息获取方式的灵活性，能够具备传统成像所不具备的成像能力。随着鬼成像在系统优化及技术应用方面的进一步发展，对鬼成像理论也提出了新的要求和挑战。文中分别从鬼成像的物理本质、图像信息获取理论及理论分辨率研究三方面介绍了中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所近期在鬼成像理论上的若干研究工作，并对今后鬼成像的理论研究工作进行了展望。

Imaging through scattering media via speckle autocorrelation is a popular method based on the optical memory effect. However, it fails if the amount of valid information acquired is insufficient due to a limited sensor size. In this Letter, we reveal a relationship between the detector and object sizes for the minimum requirement to ensure image reconstruction by defining a sampling ratio R, and propose a method to enhance the image quality at a small R by capturing multiple frames of speckle patterns and piecing them together. This method will be helpful in expanding applications of speckle autocorrelation to remote sensing, underwater probing, and so on.

The resolution of a conventional imaging system based on first-order field correlation can be directly obtained from the optical transfer function. However, it is challenging to determine the resolution of an imaging system through random media, including imaging through scattering media and imaging through randomly inhomogeneous media, since the point-to-point correspondence between the object and the image plane in these systems cannot be established by the first-order field correlation anymore. In this Letter, from the perspective of ghost imaging, we demonstrate for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that the point-to-point correspondence in these imaging systems can be quantitatively recovered from the second-order correlation of light fields, and the imaging capability, such as resolution, of such imaging schemes can thus be derived by analyzing second-order autocorrelation of the optical transfer function. Based on this theoretical analysis, we propose a lensless Wiener–Khinchin telescope based on second-order spatial autocorrelation of thermal light, which can acquire the image of an object by a snapshot via using a spatial random phase modulator. As an incoherent imaging approach illuminated by thermal light, the lensless Wiener–Khinchin telescope can be applied in many fields such as X-ray astronomical observations.